Chapter 8 Vocabulary

Question 1

feeding and eating disorders

Answer 1

psychological disorders involving disturbed eating patterns and maladaptive ways of controlling body weight

Question 2

anorexia nervosa

Answer 2

eating disorder, primarily affecting young women, characterized by maintenance of an abnormally low body weight, distortions of body image, and intense fears of gaining weight

Question 3

bulimia nervosa

Answer 3

eating disorder characterized by a recurrent pattern of bing eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviours to prevent weight gain and accompanied by persistent overconcern with body weight and shape

Question 4

binge-eating disorder

Answer 4

eating disorder characterized by repeated episodes in which bing eating occurs but is not followed by purging

Question 5

amenorrhea

Answer 5

absence of menstruation - possible sign of anorexia nervosa

Question 6

osteoporosis

Answer 6

physical disorder caused by calcium deficiency that is characterized by extreme brittleness of the bones

Question 7

systems perspective

Answer 7

view that problems reflect the systems (family, social, school, ecological, etc) in which they are embedded

Question 8

sleep-wake disorders

Answer 8

diagnostic category representing persistent or recurrent sleep-related problems that cause significant personal distress or impaired functioning

Question 9

polysomnographic (PSG) recording

Answer 9

the simultaneous measurement of multiple physiological responses during sleep or attempted sleep

Question 10

insomnia

Answer 10

term applying to difficulties falling asleep, remaining, asleep, or achieving restorative sleep

Question 11

hypersomnolence disorder

Answer 11

sleep-wake disorder involving a persistent pattern of excessive sleepiness during the day

Question 12

narcolepsy

Answer 12

sleep-wake disorder characterized by sudden, irresistible episodes of sleep (sleep attacks)

Question 13

cataplexy

Answer 13

brief, sudden loss of muscular control, typically lasting from a few seconds to as long as two minutes

Question 14

REM sleep

Answer 14

stage of sleep associated with dreaming that is characterized by the appearance of rapid eye movements under closed eyelids. Hypocretin neurotransmitter is involved in arousal and wakefulness

Question 15

neuropeptide

Answer 15

an amino acid found in cerebrospinal fluid that plays a role in neuronal transmission and the modulation of brain circuits or regions

Question 16

breathing-related sleep disorders

Answer 16

sleep disorders in which sleeping is repeatedly disrupted due to difficulties breathing normally

Question 17

obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea

Answer 17

type of breathing-related disorder involving repeated episodes of either complete or partial obstruction of breathing during sleep

Question 18

apnea

Answer 18

temporary cessation of breathing

Question 19

circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders

Answer 19

sleep disorders characterized by disruption of sleep caused by a mismatch in sleep schedules between the body’s internal sleep-wake cycle and the demands of the environment

Question 20

parasomnias

Answer 20

category of sleep-wake disorders involving the occurrence of abnormal behaviours or physiological events during sleep or at the transition between wakefulness and sleep

Question 21

nightmare disorder

Answer 21

sleep-wake disorder characterized by recurrent awakenings from sleep because of frightening nightmares

Question 22

non-rapid eye movement sleep arousal disorders

Answer 22

sleep-wake disorder involving recurrent episodes of incomplete arousals during sleep that are accompanied by sleep terrors or sleepwalking

Question 23

anxiolytics

Answer 23

drugs, such as sedatives and anaesthetics, that induce partial or complete unconsciousness and are commonly used in the treatment of sleep-wake disorders