Chapter 1

Question 1

what percentage of Canadians will suffer from a psychological disorder in their lifetime?

Answer 1

33%

Question 2

what do we need to ask in order to define abnormal behaviour? (6)

Answer 2

1. is the behaviour unusual?
2. does the behaviour violate social norms?
3. does the behaviour involve a faulty perception of reality?
4. does the behaviour cause personal distress?
5. is the behaviour maladaptive
6. is the behaviour dangerous (to the person or others)?

Question 3

what is the Canadian Mental Health Promotion?

Answer 3

a proactive, holistic, multilevel. synergistic process that fosters resilience as one progresses toward an optimal sense of well-being

Question 4

what percentage of homeless people have had a mental health problem in their lifetime?

Answer 4

an estimated 67%

Question 5

excesses and deficiencies of which neurotransmitter are linked to mood disorders and eating disorders?

Answer 5

norepinephrine

Question 6

reduced levels of which neurotransmitter is linked to Alzheimer’s disease?

Answer 6

acetylcholine

Question 7

excessive levels of which neurotransmitter is linked to schizophrenia?

Answer 7

dopamine

Question 8

imbalances of which neurotransmitter have been linked to depressive and bipolar disorder and anxiety?

Answer 8

serotonin

Question 9

What does the hindbrain consist of?

Answer 9

medulla, pons, and cerebellum

Question 10

what does the forebrain consist of?

Answer 10

cerebrum, cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, limbic system (amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, and hypothalamus)

Question 11

what is the reticular activating system (RAS)?

Answer 11

a weblike network of neurons that play important roles in regulating sleep, attention, and states of arousal

Question 12

what is the purpose of the somatic nervous system?

Answer 12

relays information from the sense organs to the brain and transmits messages from the brain to the skeletal muscles, resulting in body movements

Question 13

what is the purpose of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 13

regulates the activities of glands and involuntary functions, such as respiration, heartbeat, and digestion

Question 14

what is the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 14

division of the autonomic nervous system whose activity leads to heightened states of arousal

Question 15

what is the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 15

division of the autonomic nervous system whose activity reduces states of arousal and regulates bodily processes that replenish energy reserves

Question 16

what is unconditioned positive regard?

Answer 16

valuing other people as having basic worth regardless of their behaviour at a particular time

Question 17

what is conditioned positive regard?

Answer 17

valuing other people on the basis of whether their behaviour meets one’s approval