Chapter 8: Urinary System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

dialysis

A

mechanical filtering process used to remove metabolic waste products from blood, draw off excess fluids, and regulate body chemistry when kidneys fail to function properly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

electrolytes

A

solutions that conduct electricity, such as acids, bases, and salts (sodium, potassium)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

metabolism

A

sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place in an organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

pH

A

symbol for degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cyst/o, vesic/o

A

bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

glomerul/o

A

glomerulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

meat/o

A

opening, meatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

nephr/o, ren/o

A

kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ur/o, urin/o

A

urine, urinary tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ureter/o

A

ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

urethr/o

A

urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ptosis

A

prolapse, downward placement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

-uria

A

urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

poly-

A

many, mcuh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

supra-

A

above, excessive, superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

azoturia

A

increase of nitrogenous substances, especially urea, in urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

cystocele

A

bulging of the urinary bladder through the wall of the vagina as a result of weakening of supportive tissue between the bladder and the vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

diuresis

A

increased formation and secretion of urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

dysuria

A

painful or difficult urination, typically caused by a urinary tract condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

edema

A

abnormal accumulation of fluids in the cell, tissues, or other parts of the body that may be a sing of kidney failure other disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

end-stage renal disease

A

kidney disease that has advanced to the point that the kidney can no longer adequately filter blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

enuresis

A

Involuntary discharge of urine after the age at which the bladder control should be established

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Hypospadias

A

abnormal continental opening of the male urethra on the under surface of the penis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

interstitial nephritis

A

form of nephritis in which pathological changes in renal interstitial tissue result in destruction of nephrons and severe impairment in renal function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Nephrolithiasis

A

formation of calculate in the kidney that results when substances that are normally dissolved in urine solidify

27
Q

Renal hypertension

A

High blood pressure that results from kidney disease

28
Q

Uremia

A

elevated level of urea and other nitrogen waste products in blood

29
Q

urinary tract infection

A

Infection of the kidneys, uterus, or bladder by microorganisms that either ascend from the urethra or spread to the kidney from the blood

30
Q

Wilm tumor

A

Malignant neoplasm of the kidney that occurs in young children, usually before each 5 years and includes common early signs such as hypertension, a palpable mass, pain, and hematuria

31
Q

blood urea nitrogen

A

Laboratory test that measures the amount of urea in blood and demonstrates the kidneys ability to filter urea from blood for excretion in urine

32
Q

culture and sensitivity

A

Laboratory test that isolate and grow colonies of microorganisms to identify a pathogen and determine which drugs might be effective for combating an infection

33
Q

kidneys, uterus, bladder

A

radiographic examination to determine the location, size, shape, and possible malformation of the kidneys, uterus, and bladder

34
Q

pyelography

A

radiographic study of kidneys, uterus, and usually the bladder after infection of a contrast agent

35
Q

intravenous pyelography

A

radiographic imaging in which a contrast medium is injected intravenously and serial x-ray films are taken to provide visualization of the entire urinary track

36
Q

retrograde pyelography

A

radiographic imaging in which a contrast medium is introduced through a cystoscope directly into the bladder and uterus to provide detailed utilization of the urinary structures into locate urinary tract obstruction

37
Q

Renal scan

A

Nuclear medicine imaging procedure that determines renal function in shape through measurement of a radioactive substance injected intravenously that contracts in the kidneys

38
Q

Urinalysis

A

physical chemical and microscopic analysis of urine

39
Q

Voiding cystourethrography

A

radiography of the bladder and urethra during the process of avoiding urine after filling the bladder with the contrast medium

40
Q

Catheterization

A

Insertion of a catheter into a body cavity or organ to instill a substance or remove fluid

41
Q

Cystoscopy

A

Insertion of a rigid or flexible cystoscope through the urethra to examine the urinary bladder, obtain biopsy specimens of tumors or other growth, and remove polyps

42
Q

Lithotripsy

A

Method of removing stones by crushing them into smaller pieces so that they can be expelled in urine

43
Q

Extracorporal shockwave

A

Use of the powerful sound wave vibrations to break up stones in the kidneys

44
Q

Nephrolithotomy

A

surgical procedure that involves a small incision in the skin and insertion of an endoscope into the kidney to remove a renal calculus

45
Q

renal transplantation

A

Organ transplantation of a kidney in a patient with in stage renal disease

46
Q

Ureteral stent

A

insertion of a thin tube into the ureter to prevent or treat obstruction of urine flow from the kidney

47
Q

antibiotics

A

treat bacterial infections of the urinary tract by acting on the bacterial membrane or one of its metabolic processes

48
Q

antispasmodics

A

decrease spasms in the urethra and bladder by relaxing the smooth muscles lining their walls, allowing normal emptying of the bladder

49
Q

diuretics

A

Block reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys, increasing the amount of salt and water excreted in the urine

50
Q

UA

A

refers to physical, chemical, and microscopic examination of the urine

51
Q

Wilms Tumor

A

a malignant neoplasm in the kidney that occurs in young children

52
Q

azoturia

A

is an increase in nitrogenous compounds in urine

53
Q

dysuria

A

increased formation and secretion of urine

54
Q
A

radiological technique in which a contrast medium is introduced though a cystoscope to provide detailed visualization of the urine

55
Q

hydronephorosis

A

accumulation of urine in the kidney as a result of an obstruction in a ureter

56
Q
A

associated with pathological charges in the renal interstitial tissue, which may primary or caused by a toxic agent

57
Q

BUN

A

is a test that measures the amount of urea excreted by kidneys into blood

58
Q

enuresis

A

means urinary incontinences, including bed wetting

59
Q

catherization

A

refers to insertion of a hollow, flexible tube into a body cavity or organ to instill a substances or remove fluid

60
Q

VCUG

A

is radiography of the bladder and urethra after introduction of a contrast medium and during the process of urination

61
Q

uremia

A

refers to an elevated level of urea and other nitrogenous waste products in the blood

62
Q

renal hypertension

A

refers to high blood pressure that results from kidney disease

63
Q

dialysis

A

is the mechanical filtering process used to cleanse blood of high concentrations of metabolic waste products

64
Q
A