Chapter 13: Special Senses (Eyes and Ears) Flashcards
cataract
a clouding of the eye’s lens that can cause blurry or hazy vision
cornea transplantation
procedure in which a damaged cornea is replaced by the cornea from the eye of a human cadaver
Glaucoma
eye disease in which increased eyeball pressure causes gradual loss of sight
Ocular
Pertaining to the eye or the sense of light
Radial keratotomy
surgery to correct myopia, near sidedness, by changing the shape of the cornea
sleep apnea
Condition in which breathing stops for more than 10 seconds during sleep
Achromatopsia
Congenital deficiency in color perception that is more common in men
astigmatism
refractive disorder in which excessive curvature of the cornea or lens causes light to be scattered over the retina rather than focused on a single point, resulting in a disordered image
cataract
Degenerative disease that is mainly caused by the aging process in which the lens of the eye becomes progressively cloudy, causing decreased vision, and that is treated with cataract surgery
conjunctivitis
Inflammation of the conjunctiva that can be caused by bacteria, allergy irritation, or a foreign body - or pinkeye
Diabetic retinopathy
retinal damage in patients with diabetes marked by aneurysmal dilation and bleeding of blood vessels or the formation of new blood vessels, causing visual changes
Hordeum
small prurient inflammatory infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid - or a sty
Macular degeneration
Deterioration of the macular, resulting in loss of central vision, most common cause of visual impairment in person is older than 50
photophobia
unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light that occurs in some disorders, such as meningitis, eye inflammation, measles, and rubella
retinal detachment
separation of the retina from the choroid which disrupts vision and results in blindness, if not repaired
strabismus
Muscular eye disorder in which the eye turned from the normal position so that they deviate in different directions
Esotropia
strabismus in which there is deviation of the visual axis of one eye toward that of the other eye, resulting in diplopia
Exotropia
strabismus in which there is a deviation of the visual axis of one eye away from that of the other, resulting in diplopia
Hearing loss
Loss of sense or perception of sound
Anacusis
total deafness
conductive
Results from any condition that prevents sound waves from being transmitted to the auditory receptors
Presby kisses
Hearing loss that gradually occurs in most individuals as they grow older
sensorineural
inability of nurse stimuli to be delivered to the brain from the inner ear as a result of damage to the auditory nerve or cochlea
meniere disease
rare disorder, characterized by progressive, deafness, vertigo, and tinnitus, possibly secondary to swelling of membrane structures within the labyrinth
otitis media (OM)
Inflammation of the middle ear, which is commonly the result of an upper respiratory infection and may be treated with tympanovstomy tube insertion
Osteosclerosis
Progressive deafness secondary to ossification in the bony labyrinth of the inner ear
tinnitus
ringing or tingling noise heard constantly or intermittently in one or both ears even, in quiet environment, that usually results from damage to inner ear structures associated with hearing
vertigo
sensation of moving around in a space or feeling of spinning or dizziness that usually results from inner ear structure damage associated with balance and equilibrium
Tonometry
Test to measure the pressure inside the eyes used to screen glaucoma
Visual acuity test
Standard eye examination to determine the smallest letters a person can read a Snellen chart or an E chart at a distance of 20 feet
Audiometry
Test that measures hearing acuity at various sound frequencies
Otoscopy
Visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane by using an otoscope
Tuning fork test
Hearing tests that use a tuning fork that is struck, and then placed against or near the bones on the side of the head to assess nerve and bone conduction of sound
Rennie
Evaluate bone conduction of sound in one ear at a time
Webber
evaluates bone conduction of sound in both ears at the same time
cataract surgery
Excision of a lens affected by a cataract
Phacoemulsification
Excision of the lens by ultrasonic vibrations that break the lens into tiny part particles, which are suctioned out of the eye
Iridectomy
excision of a portion of the iris used to relieve intraocular pressure in patient with glaucoma
Laser iridotomy
laser surgery that creates an opening on the rim of the iris to allow aqueous humor to flow between the interior and posterior chambers to relieve intraocular pressure that occurs as a result of glaucoma, is replacing ectomy because it is a safer procedure
laser photocoagulation
use of a laserbeam to seal leaking or hemorrhaging retinol blood vessels to treat diabetic retinopathy
Cochlear implant
electronic transmitter surgically implanted into the cochlea of a death person to restore hearing
ear irrigation
process of flushing, the external air canal with sterile water or sterile Celine solution to treat blockages of a foreign body or cerumen impaction
myringoplasty
surgical repair of a perforated eardrum with a tissue graft to correct hearing loss
myringotomy
incision of the tympanic membrane to relieve pressure and drain fluid from the middle ear to insert tympanostomy tubes in the eardrum surgery
Anti-glaucoma agents
reduce intraocular pressure by decreasing the amount of aqueous humor in the eyeball either by reducing production or by increasing its outflow
miotics
cause the people to constrict
Mydriatics
Cause the people to dilate and prepare the eye for an internal examination
vertigo and motion, sickness, agents
decrease sensitivity of the inner ear to motion and prevent nerve impulses from the inner ear from reaching the vomiting center of the brain
wax emulsifiers
loosen and help remove impacted cereumen
blephar/o
eyelid
choroid/o
choroid
conjunctiv/o
conjunctiva
corne/o
cornea
cor/o, core/o. pupill/o
pupil
darcy/o, lacrim/o
tear, lacrimial appatratus (duct, sac, or gland)
dipl/o
double
irid/o
iris
kerat/o
horny tissue
ocul/o, ophthalm/o
eye
opt/o
eye, vision
retin/o
retina
acous/o, audi/o, audit/o
hearing
myring/o, tympan/o
tympanic membrane (eardrum)
ot/o
ear
salping/o
tube (auditory tube)
-acusis, -cusis
hearing
-opia, -opsia
vision
-ptosis
prolapse, downward placement
exo-
outside, outward
hyper-
excessive, above normal
