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Medical Terminology > Chapter 13: Special Senses (Eyes and Ears) > Flashcards

Chapter 13: Special Senses (Eyes and Ears) Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

cataract

A

a clouding of the eye’s lens that can cause blurry or hazy vision

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2
Q

cornea transplantation

A

procedure in which a damaged cornea is replaced by the cornea from the eye of a human cadaver

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3
Q

Glaucoma

A

eye disease in which increased eyeball pressure causes gradual loss of sight

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4
Q

Ocular

A

Pertaining to the eye or the sense of light

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5
Q

Radial keratotomy

A

surgery to correct myopia, near sidedness, by changing the shape of the cornea

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6
Q

sleep apnea

A

Condition in which breathing stops for more than 10 seconds during sleep

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7
Q

Achromatopsia

A

Congenital deficiency in color perception that is more common in men

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8
Q

astigmatism

A

refractive disorder in which excessive curvature of the cornea or lens causes light to be scattered over the retina rather than focused on a single point, resulting in a disordered image

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9
Q

cataract

A

Degenerative disease that is mainly caused by the aging process in which the lens of the eye becomes progressively cloudy, causing decreased vision, and that is treated with cataract surgery

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10
Q

conjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the conjunctiva that can be caused by bacteria, allergy irritation, or a foreign body - or pinkeye

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11
Q

Diabetic retinopathy

A

retinal damage in patients with diabetes marked by aneurysmal dilation and bleeding of blood vessels or the formation of new blood vessels, causing visual changes

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12
Q

Hordeum

A

small prurient inflammatory infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid - or a sty

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13
Q

Macular degeneration

A

Deterioration of the macular, resulting in loss of central vision, most common cause of visual impairment in person is older than 50

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14
Q

photophobia

A

unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light that occurs in some disorders, such as meningitis, eye inflammation, measles, and rubella

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15
Q

retinal detachment

A

separation of the retina from the choroid which disrupts vision and results in blindness, if not repaired

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16
Q

strabismus

A

Muscular eye disorder in which the eye turned from the normal position so that they deviate in different directions

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17
Q

Esotropia

A

strabismus in which there is deviation of the visual axis of one eye toward that of the other eye, resulting in diplopia

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18
Q

Exotropia

A

strabismus in which there is a deviation of the visual axis of one eye away from that of the other, resulting in diplopia

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19
Q

Hearing loss

A

Loss of sense or perception of sound

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20
Q

Anacusis

A

total deafness

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21
Q

conductive

A

Results from any condition that prevents sound waves from being transmitted to the auditory receptors

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22
Q

Presby kisses

A

Hearing loss that gradually occurs in most individuals as they grow older

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23
Q

sensorineural

A

inability of nurse stimuli to be delivered to the brain from the inner ear as a result of damage to the auditory nerve or cochlea

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24
Q

meniere disease

A

rare disorder, characterized by progressive, deafness, vertigo, and tinnitus, possibly secondary to swelling of membrane structures within the labyrinth

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25
Q

otitis media (OM)

A

Inflammation of the middle ear, which is commonly the result of an upper respiratory infection and may be treated with tympanovstomy tube insertion

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26
Q

Osteosclerosis

A

Progressive deafness secondary to ossification in the bony labyrinth of the inner ear

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27
Q

tinnitus

A

ringing or tingling noise heard constantly or intermittently in one or both ears even, in quiet environment, that usually results from damage to inner ear structures associated with hearing

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28
Q

vertigo

A

sensation of moving around in a space or feeling of spinning or dizziness that usually results from inner ear structure damage associated with balance and equilibrium

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29
Q

Tonometry

A

Test to measure the pressure inside the eyes used to screen glaucoma

30
Q

Visual acuity test

A

Standard eye examination to determine the smallest letters a person can read a Snellen chart or an E chart at a distance of 20 feet

31
Q

Audiometry

A

Test that measures hearing acuity at various sound frequencies

32
Q

Otoscopy

A

Visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane by using an otoscope

33
Q

Tuning fork test

A

Hearing tests that use a tuning fork that is struck, and then placed against or near the bones on the side of the head to assess nerve and bone conduction of sound

34
Q

Rennie

A

Evaluate bone conduction of sound in one ear at a time

35
Q

Webber

A

evaluates bone conduction of sound in both ears at the same time

36
Q

cataract surgery

A

Excision of a lens affected by a cataract

37
Q

Phacoemulsification

A

Excision of the lens by ultrasonic vibrations that break the lens into tiny part particles, which are suctioned out of the eye

38
Q

Iridectomy

A

excision of a portion of the iris used to relieve intraocular pressure in patient with glaucoma

39
Q

Laser iridotomy

A

laser surgery that creates an opening on the rim of the iris to allow aqueous humor to flow between the interior and posterior chambers to relieve intraocular pressure that occurs as a result of glaucoma, is replacing ectomy because it is a safer procedure

40
Q

laser photocoagulation

A

use of a laserbeam to seal leaking or hemorrhaging retinol blood vessels to treat diabetic retinopathy

41
Q

Cochlear implant

A

electronic transmitter surgically implanted into the cochlea of a death person to restore hearing

42
Q

ear irrigation

A

process of flushing, the external air canal with sterile water or sterile Celine solution to treat blockages of a foreign body or cerumen impaction

43
Q

myringoplasty

A

surgical repair of a perforated eardrum with a tissue graft to correct hearing loss

44
Q

myringotomy

A

incision of the tympanic membrane to relieve pressure and drain fluid from the middle ear to insert tympanostomy tubes in the eardrum surgery

45
Q

Anti-glaucoma agents

A

reduce intraocular pressure by decreasing the amount of aqueous humor in the eyeball either by reducing production or by increasing its outflow

46
Q

miotics

A

cause the people to constrict

47
Q

Mydriatics

A

Cause the people to dilate and prepare the eye for an internal examination

48
Q

vertigo and motion, sickness, agents

A

decrease sensitivity of the inner ear to motion and prevent nerve impulses from the inner ear from reaching the vomiting center of the brain

49
Q

wax emulsifiers

A

loosen and help remove impacted cereumen

50
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

51
Q

choroid/o

A

choroid

52
Q

conjunctiv/o

A

conjunctiva

53
Q

corne/o

A

cornea

54
Q

cor/o, core/o. pupill/o

A

pupil

55
Q

darcy/o, lacrim/o

A

tear, lacrimial appatratus (duct, sac, or gland)

56
Q

dipl/o

A

double

57
Q

irid/o

A

iris

58
Q

kerat/o

A

horny tissue

59
Q

ocul/o, ophthalm/o

A

eye

60
Q

opt/o

A

eye, vision

61
Q

retin/o

A

retina

62
Q

acous/o, audi/o, audit/o

A

hearing

63
Q

myring/o, tympan/o

A

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

64
Q

ot/o

A

ear

65
Q

salping/o

A

tube (auditory tube)

66
Q

-acusis, -cusis

A

hearing

67
Q

-opia, -opsia

A

vision

68
Q

-ptosis

A

prolapse, downward placement

69
Q

exo-

A

outside, outward

70
Q

hyper-

A

excessive, above normal

Medical Terminology (16 decks)

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