Chapter 6: Blood, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems Flashcards
antibody
protein released by blood cells to destroy invading foreign organisms or substances
antigen
substance that, on entering the body, prompts the generation of anti-bodies, causing an immune response
autoimmune
type of immune response by the body against its own cells or tissues
capillaries
microscopic blood vessels that connect the ends of the smallest arteries with the smallest veins of the circulatory system
hematopoiesis
production and development of blood cells, normally in the bone marrow
Immune response
defense function of the body that protects it against invading pathogens, foreign tissues, and malignancies
immunodeficiency
decreased or compromised ability to fight disease or condition resulting from a defense immune mechanism
interstitial fluid
fluid between cells and in tissue spaces
lymphocyte
type of white blood cell (WBC) found in the lymph nodes, spleen, bloodstream and lymph that functions in the bodies immune system by recognizing and deactivating foreign substances
monocytes
large WBC’s formed in bone marrow that circulate in the bloodstream and destroy pathogenic bacteria through phagocytosis
oncology
branch of medicine concerned with the study of cancerous growths
pathogens
any microorganism, capable producing disease
Transfusion
Collection of blood or a blood component from a donor, followed by its infusion into a recipient
anemia
blood disorder, characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells (RBC) productive and hemoglobin, increased RBC destruction, or loss
Aplastic
failure of bone marrow to produce stem cells because it has been damaged by disease, cancer, radiation, or chemotherapy, drugs - rare but a serious form of anemia
pernicious
Deficiency of erythrocytes, resulting from inability to absorb vitamin B into the body
Thalassemia
Group of hereditary, anemia, characterized by less hemoglobin and fewer RBC’s in the body than normal
hemophilia
Group of hereditary bleeding disorders characterized by a deficiency of one of the factors necessary for congelation of blood
leukemia
malignant disease of bone marrow characterized by excessive production of leukocytes
acquired immune deficiency syndrome, AIDS
Transmittable infection caused by human deficiency virus (HIV) and associated with suppression of the immune system, characterized by increasing disability to infections, allergens and neurological diseases
Immunodeficiency disease
any of a group of diseases, either congenital or acquired, caused by a defect in the immune system and generally characterized by susceptibility to infections in chronic disease
Kaposi sarcoma
Malignancy of connective tissue, including bone, fat, muscle and fibrous tissue that is commonly fatal
Lymphadenitis
inflammation and enlargement of the lymph nodes
lymphedema
Accumulation of fluid and soft tissue, resulting from blockage of lymph that prevents lymph fluid from draining which causes fluid buildup to swelling
Lymphoma
any malignant tumor of the lymph nodes or other lymph tissue
Hodgkin
malignant disease involving the lymph nodes and the spleen, characterized by the present of unique Reed-Sternberg calls in the lymph nodes
non-Hodgkin
A group of more than 20 different types of lymphoma that occur in older adults but are not characterized by Reed-Sternberg cells
Mononucleosis
acute infection caused by Epstein-Barr virus EBV
multiple myeloma
malignant disease of bone marrow plasma cells
Opportunistic infection
any infection that results from a defective immune system that cannot defend against pathogens normally found in the environment
bone marrow aspiration
removal of bone marrow tissue for microscopic examination
complete blood count CBC
series of blood tests to determine general health status as well as screening for infection, anemias, and other diseases
enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
test screen blood for presence of HIV antibodies or for other disease causing substances
lymphangiography
radiographic examination of lymph glands and lymphatic vessels after injection of a contrast medium to view the path of lymph flow as it moves from the chest region
Tissue typing
technique used to determine the Histocompatibility of tissues
Western blot
test to defect presence of viral DNA in blood and used to confirm the diagnosis of AIDS as well as for defecting other viruses
blood transfusion
administration of whole blood or a component such as packed red blood cells to replace blood loss through trauma surgery or disease
bone marrow transplant
Diseased bone marrow is destroyed by irritation and chemotherapy, and replaced from a healthy donor to stimulate production of normal blood cell
lymphangiectomy
Removal of a lymph vessel
Anticoagulant
Prevent or delay blood coagulation
Immunizations
vaccination or infection of immune globulin to indicate immunity to a particular infectious disease
Immunosuppressants
suppress the immune response to prevent organ rejection after transplantation or slow the progression of auto immune disease
Thrombolytics
Dissolve a blood clot
Vaccinations
introduction of altered antigens into the body to produce an immune response and protect against disease
agglutin/o
clumping, gluing
embol/o
embolus (plug)
erythr/o
red
hem/o, hemat/o
blood
leuk/o
white
myel/o
bone marrow, spinal cord
thromb/o
blood clot
ven/o
vein
aden/o
gland
immun/o
immune, immunity, safe
lymph/o
lymph
lymphaden/o
lymph gland (node)
lymphangi/o
lymph vessel
phag/o
swallowing, eating
splen/o
spleen
thym/o
thymus glando0
-emia
blood condition
-phage
swallowing, eating
-phylaxis
protection
-poiesis
formation, production
-stasis
standing still
macro-
large
micro-
small
mono-
one
