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Chemistry 1/2 > Chapter 8- Organic compounds > Flashcards

Chapter 8- Organic compounds Flashcards

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1
Q

what is biomass

A

an alternative to crude oil

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2
Q

what is plant sourced biomass

A

refers to carbon-based material that has come front plants

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3
Q

what is the formula for alkanes

A

CnH2n+2

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4
Q

what is the bonding in alkanes

A

all single bonds

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5
Q

what are structural isomers

A

when molecules have the same molecular formula but have different arrangements of atoms

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6
Q

what are the chemical properties of alkanes

A

relatively unreactive
can be used as fuel

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7
Q

what are the prefixes for different numbers of carbons in an organic compound

A

1- meth
2- eth
3- prop
4- but
5- pent
6- hex
7- hept
8- oct
9- non
10- dec

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8
Q

what is the bonding in alkenes

A

at least one double bond in the chain

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9
Q

what is the formula for alkenes

A

CnH2n

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10
Q

are alkenes saturated

A

no they are unsaturated hydrocarbons

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11
Q

what are physical properties of alkenes

A

non-polar
can undergo complete combustion
can take part is addition reactions

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12
Q

what are alkynes

A

contains a triple bond in the chain

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13
Q

what is the formula for alkynes

A

CnH2n-2

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14
Q

what does saturated mean in terms of organic molecules

A

organic molecule has as may hydrogens as possible bonded to the carbon backbone (no double or triple bonds)

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15
Q

what is an unsaturated hydrocarbon

A

contains at least one double or triple carbon-carbon bond

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16
Q

what is a halogenated hydrocarbon

A

contain a halogen functional group (F, Cl, Br, I)

17
Q

what are properties and uses of haloalkanes

A

mostly polar
length of carbon chain decreases solubility

18
Q

what are chemical properties of haloalkanes

A

polarity of carbon0halogen bond affects the chemical reactivity of the haloalkane
this makes them significantly more reactive than alkanes

19
Q

what functional group do alcohols contain

A

OH

20
Q

what do alcohols names end with

A

-ol

21
Q

What is the formula for alcohols

A

CnH2n+1OH

22
Q

what functional group do carboxylic acids contain

A

COOH

23
Q

what do carboxylic acids name end with

A

-oic acid

24
Q

what is the list of priority for mixed functiona groups

A

1- carboxylic acid
2- alcohol
3- alkyl

25
Q

what functional group do esters contain

A

a COO-R functional group

26
Q

what is the name for esters

A

-yl -anoate

27
Q

what is an esterification reaction

A

a reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol produces an ester molecule and a molecule of water

Chemistry 1/2 (31 decks)

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