Chapter 13- Measuring solubility and concentration Flashcards
what is solubility
the maximum amount of a solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of a solvent at a certain semperature
what is a saturated solution
no more solute can be dissolved at a particular temp
what is an unsaturated solution
contains less solute that is needed to make the solution saturated. unsaturated solutions can dissolve more solute
what is a supersaturated solution
an unstable solution that contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution. if this type of solution is disturbed, some of the solute will separate from the solvent as a solid
what does a solubility curve represent
the relationship between solubility and temperature
what does each point of a solubility curve represent
the max amount of a solute that can be dissolved in 100g of water at a particular temperature
what are the two main ways that crystallisation can occur
1- cooling a solution
2- evaporation of solvent
what is the concentration
the relative amount of solute and solvent present in the solution
what is a concentrated solution
lots of solute in solvent
what is dilute solution
not much solute in solvent
how to calculate concentration in grams per litre (g L-1)
mass of solute (in g)
________________________
volume of solution (in L)
how to calculate concentration in parts per million (ppm)
mass of solute (in mg)
_________________________
mass of solution (in kg)
how to calculate concentration in milligrams per litre (mg L-1)
mass of solute (in mg)
_________________________
volume of solution (in L)
how to calculate concentration in parts per billion (ppb)
mass of solute (in ug)
_________________________
mass of solution (in kg)
what does percentage by mass describe
the mass of solute, measured in grams, present in 100g of the solution
