chap 4 key terms

Question 1

alkali metal

Answer 1

o Alkali metal- A group 1 metal.

Question 2

alloy

Answer 2

o Alloy- A substance formed when other materials are mixed with a metal.

Question 3

cation

Answer 3

o Cation- A positively charged ion.

Question 4

circular economy

Answer 4

o Circular economy- an economy based on a model of production and consumption that aims to design out waste and pollution, keep products and materials in use, and regenerate natural systems.

Question 5

coke

Answer 5

o Coke- a solid that contains 80-90% carbon, it is produced by strongly heating coal in the absence of air.

Question 6

conductor

Answer 6

o Conductor- An object or type of material that permits the flow of electrical charges.

Question 7

crystal

Answer 7

o Crystal- A solid made up of atoms or molecules arranged in a repeating 3D pattern.

Question 8

delocalise

Answer 8

spread out

Question 9

delocalised electron

Answer 9

o Delocalised electron- an electron that isn’t restricted to the region between 2 atoms.

Question 10

density

Answer 10

o Density- a measure of the amount of ass per unit volume.

Question 11

ductile

Answer 11

o Ductile- Able to be drawn into a wire.

Question 12

e-waste

Answer 12

o e-waste- electronic waste.

Question 13

effective nuclear charge

Answer 13

o effective nuclear charge- the net positive charge experienced by an electron in an outer shell of an atom. It indicates the attractive force felt by the valence electrons towards the nucleus.

Question 14

electrolysis

Answer 14

o electrolysis- The production of a reaction by the passage of electrical energy from power supply through a conducting liquid.

Question 15

ferrous

Answer 15

o ferrous- A material containing iron.

Question 16

in-situ leaching

Answer 16

o in-situ leaching- also known as solution mining. The process involves leaving the ore where it is in the ground, and recovering the minerals from it by dissolving them and pumping the solution to the surface where the minerals can be recovered.

Question 17

inert

Answer 17

not chemically reactive

Question 18

ionisation energy

Answer 18

o ionisation energy- the energy required to remove one electron from an atom of an element in the gas phase.

Question 19

lattice

Answer 19

o lattice- a regular arrangement of large numbers of atoms, ions or molecules.

Question 20

linear economy

Answer 20

o linear economy- an economy in which raw materials are used to make a product, and after its use the product is thrown away.

Question 21

lustrous

Answer 21

o lustrous- having the quality of reflecting light in a glossy and shiny way.

Question 22

malleable

Answer 22

o malleable- able to be bent or beaten into sheets.

Question 23

metallic bonding

Answer 23

o metallic bonding- the electrostatic attractive forces between delocalised valence electrons and positively charged metal ions.

Question 24

metallic bonding model

Answer 24

o metallic bonding model- a model that explains the properties and behaviour of metals in terms of the particles in metals.

Question 25

mineral

Answer 25

o mineral- a naturally occurring inorganic substance that is solid and can be represented by a chemical formula. E.g. quartz

Question 26

molten

Answer 26

o molten- materials that are normally found as solids but are liquid, melted, due to elevated temperature.

Question 27

non-ferrous

Answer 27

o non-ferrous- a metal other than iron or steel.

Question 28

ore

Answer 28

o ore- a mineral or aggregate of minerals that contains a valuable constituent, such as a metal which is mined or extracted.

Question 29

reactivity

Answer 29

o reactivity- the ease with which a chemical can undergo reactions.

Question 30

reactivity series of metals

Answer 30

o reactivity series of metals- a ranking of metals in increasing order of their reactivity, with the half-equations written as reduction equations of the corresponding ion. Least reactive metals are at the top and most reactive metals are at the bottom.

Question 31

tensile strength

Answer 31

o tensile strength- the maximum resistance of material to a force which is pulling it apart before breaking, measured as the maximum stress the material can withstand without tearing.

Question 32

transition metal

Answer 32

o transition metal- an element in groups 3-12 of the periodic table.