chap 14 key terms

Question 1

acid base indicator

Answer 1

Acid-Base Indicator- A substance that changes colour depending on the concentration of H3O+ ions in solution.

Question 2

aliquot

Answer 2

Aliquot- A volume of liquid measured by a pipette.

Question 3

amount

Answer 3

Amount- A measure used by chemists for counting particles; the unit is the mole.

Question 4

anhydrous

Answer 4

Anhydrous- Containing no water.

Question 5

average titres

Answer 5

Concordant Titres- A set of titres that vary within a narrow range, e.g. within 0.10 mL from smallest to largest titre.

Question 6

conical flask

Answer 6

Conical Flask- A laboratory flask with a flat circular base and a cylindrical neck. Used in titrations in preference to a beaker as it is easier to swirl the flask without spilling the contents.

Question 7

deionised water

Answer 7

Deionised Water- Water that has had all the ions removed and is used for cleaning apparatus and preparation of solutions.

Question 8

dilution factor

Answer 8

Dilution Factor- The ratio of the final volume to the aliquot volume.

Question 9

end point

Answer 9

End Point- A point in a titration at which the indicator changes colour, usually marking the completion of the reaction.

Question 10

equivalence point

Answer 10

Equivalence Point- The point in a titration at which the reactants have reacted in their correct mole ratios.

Question 11

mole ratio

Answer 11

Mole Ratio- The ratio of species involved in a chemical reaction, based on the ratio of their coefficients in the reaction equation.

Question 12

parallax factor

Answer 12

Parallax Error- The perceived shift in an objects position as it is viewed from different angles.

Question 13

pH curve

Answer 13

pH Curve- A graph of pH against volume of titrant.

Question 14

pipette

Answer 14

Pipette- A calibrated glass tube used to transfer known volumes of liquid.

Question 15

primary standard

Answer 15

Primary Standard- A substance of known high purity which may be dissolved in a known volume of solvent.

Question 16

quantitative analysis

Answer 16

Quantitative Analysis- An analysis to determine the concentration of the chemicals present in a mixture.

Question 17

solution volume-volume stoihiometry

Answer 17

Solution Volume- Volume Stoichiometry- calculations using titration data to determine the number of moles of the reactants in a chemical reaction. These calculations can be used to determine the concentration of acids and bases in aqueous solutions.

Question 18

standard solution

Answer 18

Standard Solution- A solution that has an accurately known concentration.

Question 19

standardised

Answer 19

Standardised- the process by which the concentration of a solution is accurately determined, often through titration with a standard solution.

Question 20

stock solution

Answer 20

Stock Solution- A large volume of a common reagent with a known concentration.

Question 21

stoichiometry

Answer 21

Stoichiometry- The calculation of relative amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction. Chemical equations give the ratios of the amount (moles) of the reactants and products.

Question 22

titration

Answer 22

Titration- The process used to determine the concentration of a reactant where one solution is added from a burette to a known volume of another solution.

Question 23

titration curve

Answer 23

Titration Curve- A plot of the pH versus the equivalents of acid or base added during the titration of the other.

Question 24

titre

Answer 24

Titre- The volume of liquid, measured by a burette, used in a titration.

Question 25

volumetric analysis

Answer 25

Volumetric Analysis- Analysis using measurement of volumes, e.g. titration.

Question 26

volumetric flask

Answer 26

Volumetric Flask- A laboratory flask calibrated to contain a precise volume.