chap 14 key terms Flashcards
acid base indicator
Acid-Base Indicator- A substance that changes colour depending on the concentration of H3O+ ions in solution.
aliquot
Aliquot- A volume of liquid measured by a pipette.
amount
Amount- A measure used by chemists for counting particles; the unit is the mole.
anhydrous
Anhydrous- Containing no water.
average titres
Concordant Titres- A set of titres that vary within a narrow range, e.g. within 0.10 mL from smallest to largest titre.
conical flask
Conical Flask- A laboratory flask with a flat circular base and a cylindrical neck. Used in titrations in preference to a beaker as it is easier to swirl the flask without spilling the contents.
deionised water
Deionised Water- Water that has had all the ions removed and is used for cleaning apparatus and preparation of solutions.
dilution factor
Dilution Factor- The ratio of the final volume to the aliquot volume.
end point
End Point- A point in a titration at which the indicator changes colour, usually marking the completion of the reaction.
equivalence point
Equivalence Point- The point in a titration at which the reactants have reacted in their correct mole ratios.
mole ratio
Mole Ratio- The ratio of species involved in a chemical reaction, based on the ratio of their coefficients in the reaction equation.
parallax factor
Parallax Error- The perceived shift in an objects position as it is viewed from different angles.
pH curve
pH Curve- A graph of pH against volume of titrant.
pipette
Pipette- A calibrated glass tube used to transfer known volumes of liquid.
primary standard
Primary Standard- A substance of known high purity which may be dissolved in a known volume of solvent.
quantitative analysis
Quantitative Analysis- An analysis to determine the concentration of the chemicals present in a mixture.
solution volume-volume stoihiometry
Solution Volume- Volume Stoichiometry- calculations using titration data to determine the number of moles of the reactants in a chemical reaction. These calculations can be used to determine the concentration of acids and bases in aqueous solutions.
standard solution
Standard Solution- A solution that has an accurately known concentration.
standardised
Standardised- the process by which the concentration of a solution is accurately determined, often through titration with a standard solution.
stock solution
Stock Solution- A large volume of a common reagent with a known concentration.
stoichiometry
Stoichiometry- The calculation of relative amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction. Chemical equations give the ratios of the amount (moles) of the reactants and products.
titration
Titration- The process used to determine the concentration of a reactant where one solution is added from a burette to a known volume of another solution.
titration curve
Titration Curve- A plot of the pH versus the equivalents of acid or base added during the titration of the other.
titre
Titre- The volume of liquid, measured by a burette, used in a titration.
volumetric analysis
Volumetric Analysis- Analysis using measurement of volumes, e.g. titration.
volumetric flask
Volumetric Flask- A laboratory flask calibrated to contain a precise volume.
