Chapter 5- Ionic Compounds Flashcards
what are ionic compounds made of
a combination of metallic and non metallic elements
what are the properties of ionic compounds
crystalline structure, high melting point, brittle, usually soluble in water, doesnt conduct electricity in a solid state but does as a liquid or aqueous.
in an ionic compounds what do metals form
cations as they lose electrons
in an ionic compound what do non-metals form
anions as they gain electrons
what is the ionic bond
the electrostatic attraction between the ions
why do ionic compounds have a high melting temp
the strong electrostatic forces, a lot of energy is required to break them
why are ionic compounds hard and brittle
hard to scratch due to strong bonds. but if hit with a hammer it will shatter into pieces when theres a shift i the lattice.
why can the lattice in an ionic compound shift
due to the repulsion moving one piece of the lattice away from the other
why do ionic compounds conduct electricity when liquid
they need free moving, charged particles to conduct electricity. there are none of these at a solid state but there is as a liquid.
what does the solubility of an ionic compounds depend on
the relative strength of the forces of attraction between the:
- positive and negative ions in the lattice
- water molecules and the ions
what are polyatomic ions
ions that contain 2 or more atoms which may be of different elements
are all ionic compounds soluble in water
no. some are, some arent
when is an aqueous solution formed
when they dissolve the ions separate from each other and move freely within solution.
what are spectator ions
the ions that do not undergo a chemical change in the reaction, they will remain as aqueous.
what is in the ionic equation
the ions that are part of the precipitate
