Chapter 8 (lecture quiz) Flashcards
What is Metabolism?
The sum of all the reactions in a cell or organism
Metabolism can be divided into what two cateogories?
anabolism and catabolism
What is anabolism?
building up
What is catabolism?
breaking down
Enzymes do what to the rate of chemical reaction?
increase it
conjugated enzymes can be sometimes referred to as what?
-holoenzyme
-apoenzyme
-coenzyme
What are holoenzymes?
The whole conjugated enzyme
What is are apoenzymes?
is a combination of the protein
What are coenzymes?
inorganic elements (metal ions)
enzymes are very specfic for their what?
substrate
What are the two enzymes by location
exoenzymes and endoenzymes
What exoenzymes?
Are enzymes that released out of cell
What are endoezymes?
enzymes that remain in the cell and function there.
What are constitutive enzymes?
Enzymes that are always there or always present
What are regulated enzymes?
Enzymes that can be turned on when substrate and turned off when none
What are the factors that influence enzyme activity?
temperature, pH, and substrate concentration, and inhibitors
What are the different pathways of the multienzyme systems?
linear, cyclic, divergent, and convergent
What is a competitive inhibitor?
the mimic is competing with the substrate for the binding site
What is a noncompetitive inhibitors?
The regulator molecule does not bind in the same site as the substrate.
What are the 2 major systems for energy production in living things?
-redox reactions-NAD& FAD
-Generation of ATP
What is the redox reactions?
The transfer of electrons from one atom or molecule to another
How do we generate ATP?
-substrate-level phosphorylation
-oxidative phosphorylation
-photophosphorylation
The steps of Aerobic respiration
-glycolysis
-pyruvate conversion
-krebs cycle
-electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation
