Chapter 1,2,4 Quiz Flashcards
Three main Shapes of bacteria are what? (prokaryotes)
Coccus- Can be divided in many directions
Rod- Can only be divided in one plane
Curved
No flagella is what?
Atrichous
What are three examples of flagella at th end?
monotrichous
lophotrichous
ampitrichous
What is fimbriae?
attachment to each other surfaces
What is Pili?
DNA transfer (primarily in gram negative bacteria
What is S layer?
single layers of a single repeating protein (hostile environment)
What glycocalyx?
“sugar coat”- secreted external to cell wall
(important in attachment and survival
What is a capsule?
organized structure and firmly attached
What is a slime layer?
unorganized and loosely attached
What are biofilms?
mixed colonies of mixed bacteria
What is the cell envelope made of?
cell membrane, cell wall, outer membrane (primarily Gram negative)
What is the cell wall
present in most prokaryotes
surrounds the cytoplasmic membrane
protects and prevents rupture due to water pressure
major macromolecule is peptidoglycan
What is peptidoglycan?
sugar
A Gram positive cell walls have what?
- very thick rigid peptidoglycan layer
- reinforced with peptide cross-bridges
- Include teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid
A gram negative outer membrane has what?
- Thin peptidoglycan layer
- outer membrane that includes LPS
- porins permits passage of certain molecules
