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Microbiology > chapter 2 > Flashcards

chapter 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Why is H2O such a good solvent?

A

water can stabilize positively charged things and negative charged things.

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2
Q

what does hydrophilic mean?

A

water loving (polar)

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3
Q

What does hydrophobic mean?

A

Water fearing (nonpolar)

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4
Q

Why do acids and bases matter?

A

H+ and OH- readily react with numerous molecules

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5
Q

What are inorganic compounds?

A

Compounds that do not contain carbon

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6
Q

What are organic compounds?

A

Compounds that contain both C and H

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7
Q

Humans are what?

A

organic

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8
Q

Why is carbon special?

A

It is very versatile, can make different shapes, and super stable

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9
Q

What is a amino?

A

protein, nucleic acids

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10
Q

What is a Hydroxyl?

A

alcohols, carbohydrates

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11
Q

What is the 4 major macromolecules?

A

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

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12
Q

What are simple carbohydrates?

A

monosaccharides and disaccharides

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13
Q

What are types of Microorganisms?

A

Prion, Bacteria, virus, and eukaryotes

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14
Q

What are prokaryotes?

A

Bacteria and Archaea

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15
Q

eukaryotes have a what?

A

nucleus

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16
Q

Prokaryotes don’t have what?

A

nucleus

17
Q

What is the germ theory of disease?

A

diseases are caused by microbes

18
Q

Water is what?

A

very important inorganic molecule

19
Q

What are complex carbohydrates?

A

polysaccharides

20
Q

What are monosaccharides?

A

simple sugars (glucose, fructose, galactose)

21
Q

What are disaccharides?

A

sucrose, lactose, maltose

22
Q

Glucose is what?

A

the key energy source in the body

23
Q

What is glucose when it is stored?

A

Glycogen

24
Q

What are polysaccharides?

A

long polymers of monosaccharides

25
Q

What are major lipid groups?

A

fats, phospholipids, and steroids

26
Q

What are saturated fats?

A

single bonds (shape: straight lines)

27
Q

What are unsaturated fats?

A

double bonds (shape: curved)

28
Q

example of saturated fat

A

butter at room temperature.

29
Q

example of unsaturated fat

A

olive oil

30
Q

What are complex lipids?

A

phospholipids and steroids

31
Q

What are the classifications of microganisms?

A

Bacteria, archaea, Eukaryotes, protists, fungi, plants, and animals

32
Q

What are three cell types?

A

Bacteria, archea, and eukaryotes

33
Q

What is a polypeptide

A

Chain of amino acids

34
Q

proteins are crucial by doing what task?

A

-catalysis
-Defense
-movement
-signaling
structure
-transport

Microbiology (24 decks)

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