chapter 2

Question 1

Why is H2O such a good solvent?

Answer 1

water can stabilize positively charged things and negative charged things.

Question 2

what does hydrophilic mean?

Answer 2

water loving (polar)

Question 3

What does hydrophobic mean?

Answer 3

Water fearing (nonpolar)

Question 4

Why do acids and bases matter?

Answer 4

H+ and OH- readily react with numerous molecules

Question 5

What are inorganic compounds?

Answer 5

Compounds that do not contain carbon

Question 6

What are organic compounds?

Answer 6

Compounds that contain both C and H

Question 7

Humans are what?

Answer 7

organic

Question 8

Why is carbon special?

Answer 8

It is very versatile, can make different shapes, and super stable

Question 9

What is a amino?

Answer 9

protein, nucleic acids

Question 10

What is a Hydroxyl?

Answer 10

alcohols, carbohydrates

Question 11

What is the 4 major macromolecules?

Answer 11

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

Question 12

What are simple carbohydrates?

Answer 12

monosaccharides and disaccharides

Question 13

What are types of Microorganisms?

Answer 13

Prion, Bacteria, virus, and eukaryotes

Question 14

What are prokaryotes?

Answer 14

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 15

eukaryotes have a what?

Answer 15

nucleus

Question 16

Prokaryotes don’t have what?

Answer 16

nucleus

Question 17

What is the germ theory of disease?

Answer 17

diseases are caused by microbes

Question 18

Water is what?

Answer 18

very important inorganic molecule

Question 19

What are complex carbohydrates?

Answer 19

polysaccharides

Question 20

What are monosaccharides?

Answer 20

simple sugars (glucose, fructose, galactose)

Question 21

What are disaccharides?

Answer 21

sucrose, lactose, maltose

Question 22

Glucose is what?

Answer 22

the key energy source in the body

Question 23

What is glucose when it is stored?

Answer 23

Glycogen

Question 24

What are polysaccharides?

Answer 24

long polymers of monosaccharides

Question 25

What are major lipid groups?

Answer 25

fats, phospholipids, and steroids

Question 26

What are saturated fats?

Answer 26

single bonds (shape: straight lines)

Question 27

What are unsaturated fats?

Answer 27

double bonds (shape: curved)

Question 28

example of saturated fat

Answer 28

butter at room temperature.

Question 29

example of unsaturated fat

Answer 29

olive oil

Question 30

What are complex lipids?

Answer 30

phospholipids and steroids

Question 31

What are the classifications of microganisms?

Answer 31

Bacteria, archaea, Eukaryotes, protists, fungi, plants, and animals

Question 32

What are three cell types?

Answer 32

Bacteria, archea, and eukaryotes

Question 33

What is a polypeptide

Answer 33

Chain of amino acids

Question 34

proteins are crucial by doing what task?

Answer 34

-catalysis
-Defense
-movement
-signaling
structure
-transport