Chapter 8 Flashcards
Plants needs this to make glucose. How plants make glucose.
Photosynthesis
Make their own food. Producers, produce organic molecules from CO2, plants, algae, some bacteria.
Autotroph
Make food from material from others. Consumers, obtain their organic material from others. Animals is an example.
Heterotroph
No ATP. Make glucose and use that to make ATP
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Equation
CO2 +H20 + light —> glucose + O2
What is a byproduct of photosynthesis?
Oxygen
What are the steps of Photosynthesis?
1.) Light Reaction
2.) Calvin Cycle
Where does photosynthesis occur and is found in mesophyll of leaves?
Chloroplasts
Middle of a leaf. Inside are chloroplasts
Mesophyll
Pores inside chloroplasts that allow gas to be exchanged (O2 and CO2)—allow CO2 to come in and O2 to come out
Stomata (means whole or pore)
Inside chloroplasts are membranes made of what?
Phospholipids
Chlorophyll is in membranes of this. One pancake.
Thylakoid
Stacks of thylakoids. Whole stack of pancakes.
Gran (Granum)
Fluid filled interior of chloroplasts
Stroma
Light Reaction Reactants:
Light and H2O
Light Reaction Products:
ATP, NADH, and O2
Where is light reaction located?
Thylakoids of chloroplasts
Distance between waves; determines types of electromagnetic energy
Wavelength
Entire range of electromagnetic energy
Electromagnetic spectrum
Produce colors we can see, also drives photosynthesis.
Visible light
Absorbs and takes in light. Plants have what to do this?
Plant pigments
Most common pigment
Chlorophyll (green)
Plants are green because we see green. Plants absorb every color except what color, because it is reflected?
Green
Orange. Reflect orange light. Stick around longer than chlorphyll
Carotenoids
Light Reaction Equation:
Light—> ATP + NADPH
H2O —> O2
NADPH and ATP are going to enter into the what?
Calvin Cycle
Calvin Cycle Reactants:
ATP, NADH, CO2
Calvin Cycle Products:
Glucose
Where is the Calvin Cycle located?
Stroma in chloroplasts
Is this true or false?
Light + H2O + CO2 ——-> glucose + O2
CO2 goes with O2?
False
Light + H2O + CO2—-> glucose + O2
H2O goes with O2
and
CO2 goes with glucose
True
What molecule gives us oxygen?
H2O
Converts solar energy into chemical energy.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Equation:
6CO2 +12H2O +light energy—-> C6H12O6 +6O2 +H2O
or
CO2 +H2O+ light–> glucose +O2
What is a byproduct of photosynthesis?
Oxygen (O2)
A form of electromagnetic energy/radiation.
Light
Light Behaves as though it consists of discrete particles known as what?
photons
Substance that absorb light. Different pigment absorb different wavelengths. Wavelengths that are not absorbed are reflected or transmitted. Leaves appear green because chlorophyll reflects and transmits green light.
Pigments
Violet-blue and red light work best
chlorophyll a
Accessory pigments include this and a group of pigments called carotenoids.
chlorophyll carotenoids
When a pigment absorbs light, it goes from a ground state to an excited state.
Excitation of Chlorophyll by Light
Consists of a reaction center complex (a type of protein complex) surrounded by light-harvesting complexes. This is what?
What are pigment molecules bound to proteins that transfer the energy of photons to the reaction center?
photosystem
light-harvesting complexes
CO2 from the atmosphere is utilized during the light reaction as a source of carbon.
True or False?
False
Calvin Cycle reactions occurs in the _______, while light reactions occur in the ________.
A.) Thylakoid lumen; thylakoid membranes
B.) stroma; thylakoid lumen
C.) stroma; thylakoid membranes
D.) thylakoid membranes; inner membrane
E.) intermembrane space; stroma
C.) stroma; thylakoid membranes
