Chapter 7

Question 1

production of energy without O2

Answer 1

Fermentation (Anaerobic Cellular Respiration)

Question 2

production of energy with O2.

Answer 2

Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Question 3

Aerobic Cellular Respiration Equation:

Answer 3

C6H12O6 + 6O2 –>6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (ATP + heat)

C6H12O6: carb “glucose”
O2: we breathe in
CO2: we breathe out as a result

Question 4

Stages of Cellular Respiration:

Answer 4

1.) Glycolysis
2.) Pyruvate Oxidation
3.) Citric Acid Cycle
4.) Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 5

Where is the process of glycolysis located?

Answer 5

in cytoplasm

Question 6

Glycolysis Equation:

Answer 6

glucose (reactant)–> 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, 2H2O, 2 NADH (product)

Question 7

Break down and split glucose in half to give us energy

Answer 7

Glycolysis

Question 8

No ATP is made here. Is made in the mitochondria

Answer 8

Breakdown of Pyruvate

Question 9

Breakdown of Pyruvate Equation:

Answer 9

2 pyruvate–> 2 acetyl CoA, 2 CO2, 2 NADH

Question 10

In mitochondria. turns two times.

Answer 10

Citric Acid Cycle

Question 11

Citric Acid Cycle:

Answer 11

2 acetyl CoA–> 2 ATP, 4 CO2, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2
Acetyl CoA enters the citric acid cycle and produces 1 ATP, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 2CO2 per turn

Carbs is liked most to break down and make ATP energy
if glucose isn’t enough or any left to make ATP… fats are used… then proteins… then nucleic acids to make ATP

Question 12

NADH and FADH2 are all what?

Answer 12

electron carriers (-)

Question 13

Oxidative Phosphorylation Equation:

Answer 13

NADH, FADH2—> 26-32 ATP

O2 —> H2O

O2 is terminally final electron acceptor

Question 14

Occurs whether or not O2 is present
Has two major phases: energy investment phase and energy pay off phase

Answer 14

Glycolysis

Question 15

In the inner membrane (cristae) of the mitochondria. Most of the chain’s components are proteins, which exist in multiprotein complexes

Answer 15

Electron Transport Chain

Question 15

Electron transport chain and ATP synthesis. FADH2 and NADH from previous steps donate electrons to the electron transport chain.

Answer 15

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 16

Electron transfer in the electron transport chain causes proteins to pump H+ from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space. H+ then moves back across the membrane, passing through the protein complex, ATP synthase

Answer 16

ATP Synthesis

Question 17

Consists of glycolysis plus reactions that regenerate plus reactions that generate NAD+, which can be reused by glycolysis. Only glycolysis occurs. Temporary, last ditch effort to provide your body with ATP.
When oxygen is not present, glycolysis couples with this or aerobic respiration to produce ATP

Answer 17

Fermentation

Question 18

pyruvate is converted to ethanol

Answer 18

Alcohol Fermentation

Question 19

Body converts NADH and pyruvate into lactic acid. Pyruvate is reduced by NADH, forming lactate as an end product, with no release of CO2.

Answer 19

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Question 20

Anaerobic Cellular Respiration Equation:

Answer 20

Glucose–> 2 pyruvate, 2 NADH, 2 H2O, 2 ATP
animal=lactic acid
yeast= ethanol and CO2

Question 21

When oxygen is utilized to synthesize ATP, this is known as:
A.) Cellular Respiration
B.) Aerobic synthesis
C.) Metabolism
D.) Anaerobic Respiration
E.) Aerobic Respiration

Answer 21

A.) Cellular Respiration

Question 22

The oxygen utilized in cellular respiration gets converted into:
A.) CO2
B.) ATP
C.) new O2
D.) H2O
E.) part of sugar

Answer 22

D.) H2O

Question 23

Which of the following is the correct net gain of products from glycolysis?
A.) 4 ATP; 2 NADH; 2 pyruvate
B.) 2 ATP; 4 NADH; 4 pyruvate
C.) 2 ATP; 4 NADH; 2 pyruvate
D.) 2 ATP; 2 FADH2; 2 pyruvate
E.) 2 ATP; 2 NADH; 2 pyruvate

Answer 23

E.) 2 ATP; 2 NADH; 2 pyruvate