Chapter 4

Question 1

Atoms join together to make molecules including what 2 things?

Answer 1

organelles and cells

Question 2

parts of cells

Answer 2

Organelles

Question 3

unit of life

Answer 3

cells

Question 4

What are the 2 types of cells?

Answer 4

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

Question 5

What are the 2 domains that are prokaryotic?

Answer 5

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 6

These have no nucleus. Still need DNA, its just stored somewhere else… nucleoid. Microscopic (only made up of 1 cell) - unicellular. NO membrane bound organelles.

Answer 6

Prokaryotic

Question 7

What are the 4 domains that are Eukaryotic?

Answer 7

Plants, Animals, Fungi and Protists

Question 8

Have a nucleus. Multicellular (many cells). DNA in a nucleus that is bounded by a membranous nuclear envelope. Membrane bound-organelles. Bigger of the other cells.

Answer 8

Eukaryotic

Question 9

Container that holds DNA. Contains most of the cell’s genes.

Answer 9

Nucleus

Question 10

Parts of a Prokaryotic Cell:

Answer 10

1.) Nucleoid
2.) Ribosome
3.) Plasma/Cell Membrane
4.) Cell Wall
5.) Flagella
6.) Fimbria

Question 11

Where DNA is found in prokaryotic cells

Answer 11

nucleoid

Question 12

Where proteins are made. Protein synthesis.

Answer 12

Ribosomes

Question 13

Separates in from outside of cell (phospholipids). phospholipids make this up

Answer 13

cell membrane.

Question 14

Boundary that give cell shape and structure

Answer 14

cell wall

Question 15

long whip-like tail

Answer 15

Flagella

Question 16

short hair-like structures

Answer 16

Fimbria

Question 17

Parts of Eukaryotic Cells:

Answer 17

1.) Nucleus
2.) Endomembrane System
3.) nuclear envelope
4.) Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
5.) Golgi Apparatus
6.) Lysosomes
7.) Vacuoles (central vacuoles)

Question 18

encloses the nucleus and provide protection

Answer 18

nuclear envelope

Question 19

bumps on this are ribosomes. Proteins are made here. Has bound ribosomes, which secrete glycoproteins (proteins covalently bonded to carbohydrates). Distributes transport vesicles, proteins surrounded by membranes. Aids in synthesis from bound ribosomes

Answer 19

Rough ER

Question 20

no ribosomes. Where you make lipids and carbohydrates

Answer 20

Smooth ER

Question 21

membranes that store stuff. Digestion, storage, waste, disposal, water balance, plant cell growth and protection.

Answer 21

vacuoles

Question 22

holds water among other things (compounds)

Answer 22

central vacuoles

Question 23

UPS Shipping Store. Where after you make a molecule, you get it sent to where it needs to go.

Answer 23

Golgi Apparatus

Question 24

Membrane. Little vacuum cleaners/little packages breaking down old stuff. Membranous sac of hydrolytic enzymes that can digest macromolecules

Answer 24

Lysosomes (means to break)

Question 25

series of membranes inside of our eukaryotic cell

Answer 25

Endomembrane System

Question 26

Membrane bound organelles include:

Answer 26

Mitochondria and chloroplasts

Question 27

Found in plants and animals, where you make ATP, site of cellular respiration

Answer 27

Mitochondria

Question 28

site of photosynthesis, found only in plants

Answer 28

Chloroplasts

Question 29

cell skeleton, proteins make this up, allow structures to attach to it

Answer 29

cytoskeleton (cyto=cell)

Question 30

liquid/jelly-like aqueous environment in cell.

Answer 30

cytoplasm

Question 31

Describes where something comes from. Other organisms evolve in a cell.

Answer 31

Endosymbiotic Theory
End=inside
symbo or symbiosis= 2 or more organisms interact
theory=lots of evidence to support it

Question 32

Perform reactions with many different functions

Answer 32

Peroxisomes

Question 33

Neighboring cells in an animal or plant often adhere, interact, and communicate through direct physical contact

Answer 33

Cell Junctions