Chapter 7-Personal Outline Flashcards
_________________ the plasma membrane exhibits this it allows some substances in and does not allow others
Selectively Permeability:
______________: ex: phosophipid. Having both a hydrophobic and hydrophilic region.
Amphipathic
________________: the arrangement of hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails so that a stable boundary of water can exist.
Phospholipid bilayer:
• Functions of membrane proteins:
Transport o Enzymatic Activity o Signal transduction o Cell to Cell recognition o Intercellular joining o Attachment to cytoskeleton
________________: the membrane is a mosaic of a protein molecule bobbing in a fluid bilayer of proteins.
Fluid mosaic model:
______________: penetrate the hydrophobic interior of bilayer
Integral Proteins:
________________ are not embound in lipid bilayer at all, they are losing throughout
Peripheral proteins:
_________________: carbohydrate bonded to lipids
Glucolipids:
________________ proteins and carbohydrates bonded together
Glycoproteins:
_________________ hydrophilic substances that can avoid contact with lipid bilayer
Transport Proteins:
______________: these proteins help with the transport of water molecules through the central cannels
Aquaporins
_____________________: decreased salinity within the cell than outside
hyportonic
_______________________: equal salinity in and out of the cell.
Isotonic:
______________________: increased salinity within the cell than outside
Hypertonic:
_______________: the movement of particles of any substance so that they spread out into the available space
Diffusion:
____________: the region along which density of a chemical substance increase or decrease
Concertation gradient:
_____________; the diffusion of substance across
Passive Transport:
____________: the diffusion of water across the cells selectively permeable membrane from a high concentration to a low concentration.
Osmosis:
___________________: the ability of a surrounding substance to gain or lose water
Tonicity:
_________________ the control of the solutes concentrations and water balance.
Osmoregulation:
________________ the cell is; it is a healthy state for most plant cells in which the cell opposes further water intake.
Turgid:
______________; channels within the cell that transport ions.
Ion Channels:
_______________: when molecules imped the phospholipid bilayer undergo this process.
Facilitated diffusion:
____________: these open and close in response to stimuli.
Gated Channels:
___________________: when energy is necessary to pump a solute across a membrane against the gradient. This requires work.
Active Transport:
_____________: this causes the plant to wilt and can lead to plant death. It is when the cell loses to much water to its surroundings.
Plasmolysis:
__________________________: the voltage across the membrane.
: Membrane Potential:
____________: the combination of forces action on an ion during active transport.
Electrochemical Gradient:
__________________________: a transport protein that generates a negative voltage across the membrane.
Electron Pump:
_______________:m this maintains the voltage of a cell membrane.
Proton Pump:
_______________: a transport protein can couple the downhill diffusion and uphill transport of a substance throughout the concentration gradient.
Cotransport:
