Chapter 7 Null and Void

Question 1

The _______ system removes wastes from the body by constantly filtering the blood.

Answer 1

urinary

Question 2

the major waste product of protein metabolism

Answer 2

urea

Question 3

maintaining a stable internal environment with a proper balance of water, electrolytes and acid is called

Answer 3

homeostasis

Question 4

combining form urine

Answer 4

urin/o, ur/o

Question 5

what are the structures of the urinary system

Answer 5

2 kidneys, 2 ureters, 1 urinary bladder, 1 urethra

Question 6

True/False: the kidneys are located within the abdominal cavity.

Answer 6

False. The kidneys are located retroperitoneally, which means they are located behind the lining of the abdominal cavity.

Question 7

combining form kidney

Answer 7

ren/o, nephr/o

Question 8

combining form kidney (latin)

Answer 8

ren/o

Question 9

combining form kidney (greek)

Answer 9

nephr/o

Question 10

____ is the combining form for kidney that is used as an adjective.

Answer 10

ren/o

Question 11

____ is the combining form for kidney that is used to describe pathologic conditions and surgical conditions.

Answer 11

nephr/o

Question 12

outer layer of the kidney

Answer 12

cortex

Question 13

inner layer of kidney

Answer 13

medulla

Question 14

functional unit of the kidney

Answer 14

nephron

Question 15

cluster of capillaries in the kidney that filters blood

Answer 15

glomerulus

Question 16

the nephron consists of:

Answer 16

glomerulus, bowman’s capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubule and a collecting duct

Question 17

the area in the kidney where the nephrons collect before entering the ureters

Answer 17

renal pelvis

Question 18

combining form renal pelvis

Answer 18

pyel/o

Question 19

each kidney has a concave depression called the _____ that is the point of attachment of renal blood vessels, nerves and the ureter.

Answer 19

hilus

Question 20

narrow pair of tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

Answer 20

ureters

Question 21

combining form ureter

Answer 21

ureter/o

Question 22

the ureters enter the urinary bladder at the ______

Answer 22

trigone

Question 23

single hollow muscular organ that holds urine

Answer 23

urinary bladder

Question 24

ringlike muscular structures that close a passageway

Answer 24

sphincter

Question 25

act of excreting urine

Answer 25

urination, micturition, voiding

Question 26

hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells

Answer 26

erythropoietin

Question 27

hormone that regulates electrolyte balance by sodium retention

Answer 27

aldosterone

Question 28

tube that extends from urinary bladder outside body

Answer 28

urethra

Question 29

combining form urethra

Answer 29

urethr/o

Question 30

the process of urine formation

Answer 30

uropoiesis

Question 31

suffix: formation

Answer 31

-poiesis

Question 32

medical term for cloudy

Answer 32

turbid

Question 33

surgical puncture into the urinary bladder to collect urine

Answer 33

cystocentesis

Question 34

visual examination of the urinary bladder using and endoscope

Answer 34

cystoscopy

Question 35

examination of urine and its components

Answer 35

urinalysis

Question 36

abbreviation of urinalysis

Answer 36

UA

Question 37

a hollow tube that is inserted into a body cavity to inject or remove fluid

Answer 37

catheter

Question 38

complete suppression of urine production

Answer 38

anuria

Question 39

difficult urination

Answer 39

dysuria, stranguria

Question 40

glucose in the urine

Answer 40

glucosuria

Question 41

blood in urine

Answer 41

hematuria

Question 42

scanty urine

Answer 42

oliguria

Question 43

frequent urination

Answer 43

pollakiuria

Question 44

excessive urination

Answer 44

polyuria

Question 45

pus in urine

Answer 45

pyuria

Question 46

ketones in the urine

Answer 46

ketonuria

Question 47

excessive urination at night

Answer 47

nocturia

Question 48

protein in the urine

Answer 48

proteinuria

Question 49

presence of urea or nitrogenous waste in the blood

Answer 49

azotemia

Question 50

inflammation of the urinary bladder

Answer 50

cystitis

Question 51

inflammation of the kidney involving the glomerulus

Answer 51

glomerulonephritis

Question 52

dilation of the renal pelvis as a result of an obstruction to urine flow

Answer 52

hydronephrosis

Question 53

suffix: presence of stones

Answer 53

-lithiasis

Question 54

presence of stones in the kidney

Answer 54

nephrolithiasis

Question 55

urinary bladder stone

Answer 55

cystolith, urolith

Question 56

kidney stone

Answer 56

nephrolith

Question 57

abnormal softening of the kidney

Answer 57

nephromalacia

Question 58

disease of the kidney

Answer 58

nephropathy

Question 59

inability of the kidneys to function

Answer 59

renal failure

Question 60

the elevated excretion of urine

Answer 60

diuresis

Question 61

dilation of the ureter

Answer 61

ureterestasis

Question 62

surgical fixation of the urinary bladder to the body wall

Answer 62

cystopexy

Question 63

surgical incision into the urinary bladder

Answer 63

cystotomy

Question 64

surgical removal of a kidney

Answer 64

nephrectomy

Question 65

surgical creation of a permanent opening between the urethra and the skin

Answer 65

urethrostomy

Question 66

abbreviation urinary tract infection

Answer 66

UTI

Question 67

obstruction of blood flow to a kidney

Answer 67

renal infarction

Question 68

retrograde means:

Answer 68

going backward