Chapter 20: Make Room for the Ruminants

Question 1

ruminant

Answer 1

cud-chewing animal with a forestomach that allows fermentation of ingesta

Question 2

balling gun

Answer 2

tool used to administer pills, boluses, or magnets to livestock (also called a bolus gun)

Question 3

California Mastitis Test

Answer 3

test that is a cow-side indicator of somatic cell count to determine the presence of mastitis

Question 4

chute

Answer 4

mechanical device that is used to restrain cattle

Question 5

composite breed

Answer 5

new breed developed from combining established breeds

Question 6

colostrum

Answer 6

first milklike substance produced by the female after parturition; it is thick, yellow, and high in protein and antibodies

Question 7

crossbred

Answer 7

having resulted from mating 2 different breeds in the same species

Question 8

dehorn

Answer 8

to remove horns or horn buds by chemical, thermal, or mechanical means

Question 9

dental pad

Answer 9

hard surface of the upper mouth of ruminants that serves in place of upper teeth

Question 10

ear tagging

Answer 10

placement of ID tag in left ear (the right is reserved for brucellosis vaccine tattoo)

Question 11

fly strike

Answer 11

infestation with maggots

Question 12

gomer bull

Answer 12

bull used to detect females in heat; may have penis surgically deviated to he side, treated with androgens, or may be vasectomized so he can not impregnate females; also called teaser bull

Question 13

implant

Answer 13

device inserted in the ear that provides a slow release of hormones to the animal to increase feed efficiency

Question 14

inbred

Answer 14

resulting from the mating of two animals who are closely related

Question 15

magnet

Answer 15

charged metal device that is used to prevent hardware disease (traumatic reticuloperitonitis); given orally and placed in reticulum

Question 16

nose tongs

Answer 16

clamp used to grasp the nasal septum to restrict movement

Question 17

offal

Answer 17

inedible visceral organs and unusable tissues removed from the carcass of a slaughtered animal

Question 18

parturient paresis

Answer 18

hypocalcemic metabolic disorder of ruminants seen in late pregnancy or early lactation; also called milk fever

Question 19

render

Answer 19

melt down fat by heat

Question 20

stanchion

Answer 20

restraint device that secures cattle around the neck to allow accessibility for milking, feeding, and examining

Question 21

swirch

Answer 21

distal part of bovine tail that consists of long, coarse hairs

Question 22

Tailing

Answer 22

a restraint technique used in cattle where the tailhead is grasped and raised vertically; also called tail jacking

Question 23

tie stall

Answer 23

stall only large enough for one animal which is usually tied by a neck chain or halter

Question 24

tilt table

Answer 24

restraint table that can be tilted, which is helpful in treating or trimming an animal’s feed

Question 25

traumatic reticuloperitonitis

Answer 25

caused by ingestion and migration of foreign body into the reticulum which can penetrate the diaphragm and pericardium causing pericarditis; abbreviated TRP; commonly called hardware disease

Question 26

wean

Answer 26

remove young from their mother so they can no longer nurse

Question 27

dry

Answer 27

not lactating

Question 28

teat

Answer 28

nipple

Question 29

ration

Answer 29

amount of food consumed by animal in 24-hour period

Question 30

broken mouth

Answer 30

loss of teeth which indicates animal is at least 5 years old

Question 31

docking

Answer 31

removal of distal portion of tail (done in lambs to prevent fly strike)

Question 32

lamb

Answer 32

young sheep meat

Question 33

lanolin

Answer 33

fatlike substance secreted by sebaceous glands of sheep

Question 34

mutton

Answer 34

adult sheep meat

Question 35

wattle

Answer 35

appendage suspended from the head (usually the chin) in goats, turkeys, and chickens

Question 36

bovine respiratory syncytial virus

Answer 36

paramyxovirus infection of bovine associated with fatal pneumonia; BRSV or RSV

Question 37

bovine viral diarrhea

Answer 37

togavirus infection of bovine that is associated with acute stomatitis, gastroenteritis, and diarrhea; BVD

Question 38

brucellosis

Answer 38

bacterial infection called by Brucella abortus that causes abortion in cattle

Question 39

clostridial disease

Answer 39

group of bacterial infectious conditions of ruminants caused by Clostridium, which includes blackleg, malignant edema, pulp kidney, enterotoxemia, and overeating disease

Question 40

coronavirus

Answer 40

corona virus that causes diarrhea in calves

Question 41

E. coli

Answer 41

bacterial infection that typically causes scours in calves; also known as colisepticemia and septicemic colibacillosis

Question 42

enzootic abortion

Answer 42

bacterial infection that causes abortion in sheep

Question 43

Haemophilus somnus

Answer 43

bacterial infection that causes reproductive, urinary, respiratory, and septicemic disease in catte

Question 44

infectious bovine rhinotracheitis

Answer 44

herpesvirus infection of bovine that is associated with fever, anorexia, tachypnea, and cough; IBR

Question 45

parainfluenza

Answer 45

associated with fever, cough, and diarrhea; one part of the shipping fever complex; PI-3

Question 46

pasteurellosis

Answer 46

causes respiratory disease in cattle, sheep and goats

Question 47

rotovirus

Answer 47

causes scours in calves

Question 48

soremouth

Answer 48

also called orf; causes lesions in mouth of sheep, goats, and camelids

Question 49

tetanus

Answer 49

highly fatal bacterial disease caused by toxin of Clostridium tetani associated with hyperesthesia, tetany, and convulsions; TE; also called lockjaw

Question 50

vibriosis

Answer 50

associated with infertility and irregular estrous cycles; bulls are vaccinated; also called campylobacteriosis