Chapter 6 Gut Instincts Flashcards
the digestive system may be called the _____ system
ailmentary
The combining form for mouth
or/o, stomat/o
The ____ cavity contains the lips and cheeks, hard and soft palate, salivary glands and teeth
oral
the upper jaw
maxilla
the lower jaw
mandible
combing form jaw
gnath/o
elongated mandible
prognathia
shortened mandible
brachynathia
medical term for lips
labia
a single lip
labium
combining form for lips
cheil/o, labi/o
combining form cheek
bucc/o
the ____ forms the roof of the mouth
palate
The palate consists of two parts:
hard and soft
The ____ forms the bony rostral portion of the palate
hard palate
The ____ forms the flexible caudal portion of the palate
soft palate
combining form palate
palat/o
movable muscular organ in the oral cavity used for tasting and processing food
tongue
The dorsum of the tongue has _____ or elevations
papillae
combining form tongue
gloss/o, lingu/o
surface of the cheek adjacent to the tongue
lingual
combining form teeth
dent/o, dent/i, odont/o
refers to how the teeth are arranged in the mouth
dentition
the temporary set of teeth that erupt in young animals and are replaced at or near maturity
deciduous
front teeth used for cutting
incisor
long, pointed bonelike tooth located between the incisors and premolars
canine
cheek tooth found bewteen the canine and molar teeth
premolar
most caudally located permanent cheek tooth used for grinding
molar
hard white substance covering the tooth
enamel
the tooth ____ consists of nerves, blood vessels and connective tissue
pulp
the fibrous structure that holds the tooth in the alveolus
periodontal ligament
upper P4 and lower M1 in dogs; upper P3 and lower M1 in cats
carnassial
the mucous membrane that surrounds the teeth and forms the mouth lining
gingiva
The ____ moistens the food, begins the digestive process and cleanses the mouth
saliva
combining form salivary gland
sial/o, sialaden/o
the ____ is the cavity in the caudal oral cavity that joins the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems
pharynx
combining form pharynx
pharyng/o
the collapsible, muscular tube that leads from the oral cavity to the stomach
esophagus
combining form esophagus
esophag/o
a ringlike muscle that constricts an opening
sphincter
the cavity located between the diaphragm and pelvis
abdominal
combing form abdomen
abdomin/o, celi/o
combining form stomach
gastr/o
animals with one true stomach
monogastric
area of the stomach located nearest the esophagus
cardia
base of an organ
fundus
narrow passage between the stomach and duodenum
pylorous
folds present in the mucosa of the stomach
rugae
animals that can regurgitate and remasticate their food
ruminants
normal microorganisms residing in the GI tract
intestinal flora/normal flora
largest compartment of the ruminant stomach
rumen
most cranial compartment of the ruminant stomach
reticulum
third compartment of the ruminant stomach
omasum
fourth compartment of the ruminant stomach, the “true” stomach
abomasum
the small intestine is attached to the dorsal abdominal wall by a fold of peritoneum called the
mesentary
an animal that is able to sustain life by eating only plants
herbivore
an animal that sustains life by eating plant and animal tissue
omnivore
an animal that is able to sustain life by eating only animal tissue
carnivore
combing form small intestine
enter/o
the study of the stomach and small intestine
gastroenterology
proximal (first) portion of the small intestine
duodenum
combining form duodenum
dueden/o (i)
middle portion of the small intestine
jejunum
combining form jejunum
jejun/o
distal (last) portion of the small intestine
ileum
combining form ilem
ile/o
the large intestine consists of
cecum, colon, rectum, anus
combing form cecum
cec/o
combining form colon
colo/o
combining form rectum
rect/o
combining form anal
an/o
combining form referring to the anus and the rectum collectively
proct/o
pertaining to the anus and rectual
anorectal
the accessory structures of the gastrointestinal tract
salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
the colon is divided into three parts:
ascending, transverse, descending
combing form liver
hepat/o
the combining form means cyst, sac of fluid or urinary bladder
cyst/o
combing form means bile or gall
chol/e
inflammation of the gallbladder
cholecystitis
combining form pancreas
pancreat/o
inflammation of the pancreas
pancreatitis
the process of taking digested nutrients into the circulatory system
absorption
the emptying of the bowels
defecation
removal of tissue to examine
biopsy
before eating
preprandial
after eating
postprandial
endoscopic evaluation of the esophagus
esophagoscopy
endoscopic evaluation of the stomach
gastroscopy
test for hidden blood in the stool
hemoccult
lack of or loss of appetite
anorexia
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
ascites
occulsion or absence of normal body opening or tubular organ
atresia
severe abdominal pain
colic
condition of prolonged gastrointestinal time, making the stool hard to pass
constipation
ingestion of fecal material
coprophagia
combing form feces
copr/o
difficulty defecating
dyschezia
difficulty swallowing or eating
dysphagia
marked wasting or excessive leanness
emaciation
forcible expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth
emesis
the term for orally
per os
inflammation of the small intestine
enertitis
inflammation of the colon
colitis
inflammation of the tongue
glossitis
elevated blood sugar
hyperglycemia
lower than normal blood sugar
hypoglycemia
passage of bloody stool
hemtaochezia
vomiting of blood
hematemesis
inflammation of the liver
hepatitis
enlargement of the liver
hepatomegaly
inability to control (bowels/bladder)
incontinence
condition of drowsiness or indifference
lethargy
yellow discoloration of skin/sclera/mucous membranes
jaundice
abnormal contact of teeth
malocculsion
abnormally large esophagus
megaesophagus
eating and licking abnormal substances
pica
excessive thirst
polydipsia
excessive appetitie
polyphagia
inflammation of the mouth
stomatitis
painful defecation
tenesmus
narrowing of an opening
stenosis
dropping of food from the mouth
quidding
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen
abdominocentesis
surgical production of an artificial opening between the colon and the body surface
colonostomy
producing vomiting
emetic
substance that controls vomiting
antiemetic
filing equine teeth
float; floating
surgical fixation of the stomach to the body wall
gastropexy
suffix incision into
-tomy
suffix removal
-ectomy
suffix- creating artificial opening
-stomy
