Chapter 19: Horse Sense

Question 1

gait

Answer 1

pattern of footfalls that result in movement

Question 2

stride

Answer 2

distance between successive imprints of the same foot

Question 3

suspension

Answer 3

time in which none of the feet are in contact in the ground

Question 4

bad mouth

Answer 4

malocclusion in which the top and bottom teeth do not meet

Question 5

bishoping

Answer 5

artificial altering of teeth of an older horse to sell it as a younger horse

Question 6

full-mouthed

Answer 6

having all permanent teeth and cups present

Question 7

hindgut

Answer 7

collective term for cecum, small colon, and large colon

Question 8

lamina

Answer 8

tissue that attaches hoof to the underlying foot structures

Question 9

laminitis

Answer 9

inflammation of the sensitive laminae under the horny wall of the hoof; a sequela to laminitis is founder

Question 10

milk teeth

Answer 10

the first teeth that an animal develops

Question 11

monkey mouth

Answer 11

condition where the mandible is longer than the maxilla, causing lower incisors to protrude beyond upper incisors

Question 12

nippers

Answer 12

central incisors of equine; also a tool used to remove excess hoof wall

Question 13

parrot mouth

Answer 13

condition where maxilla is longer than mandible, causing upper incisors to protrude beyond the lower incisors

Question 14

quidding

Answer 14

condition where horse drops food from mouth while eating

Question 15

stay apparatus

Answer 15

anatomical mechanism of the equine limb that allows the animal to stand with very little muscular effort; includes many muscles, tendons, and ligaments

Question 16

tush

Answer 16

canine tooth in a horse that (usually found in males)

Question 17

winking

Answer 17

opening of the labia to expose the clitoris while the female assumes a mating position

Question 18

wolf teeth

Answer 18

rudimentary first upper premolars in equine that are usually shed in maturity

Question 19

bit

Answer 19

part of the bridle that is put in the horse’s mouth to control the animal

Question 20

bridle

Answer 20

part of the harness that includes the bit, reins, and headstall

Question 21

cinch

Answer 21

part of the saddle used to hold it onto the horse

Question 22

hobble

Answer 22

type of restraint in which the front feet or hind feet are placed in straps to keep them from moving

Question 23

hoof pick

Answer 23

instrument used to clean the frog, sole, and hoof wall

Question 24

hoof testers

Answer 24

instrument used to test sensitivity in equine feet

Question 25

rasp

Answer 25

tool used for leveling horse feet

Question 26

shoe

Answer 26

plate or rim of metal nailed to palmar or plantar surface of an equine hoof to protect it from injury or disease

Question 27

tack

Answer 27

equipment used in riding and driving horses

Question 28

cast

Answer 28

to be caught in recumbent position and unable to rise

Question 29

casting

Answer 29

restraint method using ropes to place animals in lateral recumbency

Question 30

cross-tying

Answer 30

Method of using two ropes to secure a horse so that the head is level

Question 31

driving

Answer 31

harnessing and controlling horses from behind

Question 32

farrier

Answer 32

person who cares for equine feet, includes trimming and shoeing

Question 33

flighty

Answer 33

nervous

Question 34

get

Answer 34

sire’s offspring

Question 35

hand

Answer 35

unit used to measure height of equine at the withers; 1 hand = 4 inches

Question 36

longe/lunge

Answer 36

act of exercising a horse on the end a long rope, usually in a circle

Question 37

near side

Answer 37

Left side of a horse

Question 38

off side

Answer 38

right side of a horse; also called far side

Question 39

twitch

Answer 39

mode of restraint where a device is twisted on upper lip or muzzle

Question 40

bog spavin

Answer 40

enlargement of proximal hock caused by distension of the joint capsule; spavin means swelling

Question 41

quittor

Answer 41

festering of the foot along the border of the coronet

Question 42

sweeney

Answer 42

atrophy of shoulder muscles

Question 43

equine encephalomyelitis

Answer 43

mosquito-transmitted infectious alphavirus disease of horses that is associated with motor irritation, paralysis, and altered consciousness; there are three types: Eastern (EEE), Western (WEE), and Venezuelan (VEE); also known as sleeping sickness

Question 44

equine influenza

Answer 44

myxovirus infection of horses that is associated with mild fever, watery eyes, and persistent cough

Question 45

equine protozoal myelitis

Answer 45

protozoal infection caused by sarcocystis neurona that cuases weakness, ataxia, weightloss, seizures, and other CNS sign; abbreviated EPM

Question 46

equine viral arteritis

Answer 46

togavirus infection of horses that is associated with upper respiratory disease signs, abortion, and lesions in small arteries; abbreviated EVA

Question 47

equine viral rhinopneumonitis

Answer 47

herpesvirus infection in horses that is associated with signs of upper respiratory disease and abortion; abbreviated EVR; also called equine herpesvirus

Question 48

Potomac horse fever

Answer 48

rickettsial bacterial disease of horses associated with fever, anorexia, incoordination, diarrhea, and edema of the extremities; abbreviated PHF; also called equine ehrlichiosis

Question 49

strangles

Answer 49

contagious bacterial disease of horses caused by streptococcus equi; signs include high fever, nasal discharge, anorexia, and swollen/abscessed mandibular lymph nodes