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VETT 1000 Veterinary Medical Terminology > Chapter 16, Testing Testing > Flashcards

Chapter 16, Testing Testing Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

the term used to describe the evaluation of a condition

A

Assessment

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2
Q

a description of the animal with information about the animal, including the species, breed, age, and sexual status (intact or neutered).

A

Signalment

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3
Q

parameters taken from the animal to asses its health.

A

Vital signs

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4
Q

an elevated body temperature

A

Febrile

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5
Q

without feaver

A

Afebrile

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6
Q

another medical term for fever other than febrile

A

Pyrexia

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7
Q

a decreased body temperature is known as

A

Hypothermia

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8
Q

this vital sign is the number of times the heart contracts and relaxed per minute.

A

Heart rate

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9
Q

the number of respirations per minute is

A

Respiration rate

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10
Q

an instrument used to measure blood pressure

A

Sphygmomanometer

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11
Q

this instrument is used to listen to blood sounds during the measurement of blood pressure in animals

A

Doppler

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12
Q

the act of listening, which usually involves the use a stethoscope to listen to body sounds.

A

Auscultation

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13
Q

examination by feeling

A

Palpation

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14
Q

examination by tapping the surface to determine density of a body area

A

Percussion

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15
Q

an instrument used to enlarge the opening of a canal or cavity

A

Speculum

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16
Q

withdrawing blood from a vein (usually with a needle and syringe)

A

Venipuncture

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17
Q

clumping together of cells or particals

A

Agglutination

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18
Q

assessment or test to determine the number of organisms, cells, or amount of a chemical substance found in a sample.

A

Assay

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19
Q

diagnostic evaluation of blood to determine the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes per cubic millimeter of blood; abbreviated CBC

A

complete blood count

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20
Q

diagnostic evaluation of the number of white blood cell types per cubic millimeter of blood

A

differential

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21
Q

liquid used to make a dilution

A

diluent

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22
Q

percentage of erythrocytes in blood; “to separate blood”; also called crit, PCV, or packed cell volume

A

hematocrit

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23
Q

record of the findings in examination of blood especially with reference to the numbers , proportions, and morphology of the blood cells.

A

hemogram

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24
Q

method of tagging antibodies with a luminating dye o detect antigen-antibody complexes

A

immunofluorescence

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25
Q

numeric and descriptive data in the WBC distribution used to identify a pathologic process

A

leukogram

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26
Q

group of laboratory test performed on serum; also called screen or panel; includes test that measure levels of glucose, liver enzymes, and kidney enzymes

A

profile

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27
Q

diagnostic evaluation of the number of seconds needed for thromboplastin to coagulate plasma

A

prothrombin time

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28
Q

laboratory technique in which a radioactively labeled substance is mixed with a blood specimen to determine the amount of a particular substance in the mixture; also called radioassay

A

radiommunoassay

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29
Q

number of erythrocytes per cubic millimeter of blood

A

red cell count

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30
Q

laboratory study of serum and the reactions of antigens and antibodies

A

serology

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31
Q

number of leukocytes per cubic millimeter of blood

A

white cell count

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32
Q

instrument used to measure solute concentration f serum, urine and other body fluids

A

refactometer

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33
Q

the determination of the cause of disease; to “know completely”; plural is diagnoses

A

diagnosis

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34
Q

is the determination of possible causes of diseases; a list of possible causes of disease

A

differential diagnosis

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35
Q

the prediction of the outcome of disease; to “know before.”

A

prognosis

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36
Q

a characteristic of disease that can be observed by others

A

sign

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37
Q

a characteristic of disease that can be sensed only by the patient; incorrect term in veterinary medicine.

A

symptom

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38
Q

a set of signs that occur together

A

syndrome

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39
Q

having a short course with a sudden onset; implies severe

A

acute

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40
Q

having an excessively acute onset

A

peracute

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41
Q

having a long course with a progressive onset; persisting for a long time

A

chronic

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42
Q

partial or complete disappearance of disease signs

A

remission

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43
Q

the ongoing presence of disease in a group; also called enzootic if the disease is always present in an animal community.

A

endemic

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44
Q

the sudden and widespread outbreak of disease in a group; also called epizootic if the outbreak attacks many animals in a group

A

epidemic

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45
Q

disease outbreak occurring over a large geographic area; also called panzootic if the widespread outbreak affects many animals

A

pandemic

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46
Q

a machine that spins samples very rapidly to separate elements based on weight.

A

centrifuge

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47
Q

the property of a low pH, or high number of hydrogen ions

A

acid

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48
Q

the property of high pH, or low number of hydrogen ions

A

alkaline also called basic

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49
Q

a microorganism that produces disease

A

pathogen

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50
Q

a living organism of microscopic dimensions

A

microorganism

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51
Q

used to describe the ability of an organism to cause disease

A

virulence

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52
Q

deviation from normal

A

disease

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53
Q

disease that can be spread from one animal to another by direct or indirect contact

A

contagious

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54
Q

contagious disease also may be referred to as

A

communicable

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55
Q

disorder caused by physicians or veterinarians

A

iatrogenic disease

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56
Q

disorder of unknown cause

A

idiopathic disease

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57
Q

disorder caused by pathogenic orgamisms

A

infectious disease

58
Q

disease that cannot be spread to another animal by contact or contact with a contaminated object

A

noncontagious disease

59
Q

disorder not caused by organisms (examples: genetic, traumatic, and iatrogenic.)

A

noninfectious disease

60
Q

disorder caused by pathogenic organisms contracted in a facility or clinic

A

nosocomial infection

61
Q

a microscopic, prokaryotic unicellular organism; plural is bacteria

A

bacterium

62
Q

grapelike cluster of spherical bacteria

A

staphylococci

63
Q

spherical bacteria that form chains

A

streptococci

64
Q

rod-shaped bacteria

A

bacilli

65
Q

spiral shaped bacteria that are tightly coiled

A

spirochetes

66
Q

a resistant, oval body formed in some bacteria

A

endspore

67
Q

a small rod-shaped bacterium transmitted by lice, fleas, ticks, or mites.

A

ricketsia

68
Q

a eukaryotic organism without chlorophyll; plural is fungi

A

fungus

69
Q

a budding form of fungus

A

yeast

70
Q

a filamentous form of fungi

A

mold

71
Q

an organism that lives on or in another living organism

A

parasite

72
Q

a small organism that is not visualized via microscopy; viruses live only by invading cells

A

virus

73
Q

without signs of disease

A

asymptomatic

74
Q

pertaining to, resulting from, or caused by a noninjurious route

A

atraumatic

75
Q

animal that harbors an infectious agent without displaying clinical signs and who may transmit the infectious agent to others

A

carrier

76
Q

visible, readily observed, pertaining to treatment

A

clinical

77
Q

to catch a disease

A

contract

78
Q

deviation from normal health

A

disease

79
Q

study of relationships determining frequency and distribution of diseases

A

epidemiology

80
Q

study of disease causes

A

etiology

81
Q

more than normal

A

excessive

82
Q

localized region

A

focus

83
Q

common term for any pathogenic microorganism, but especially bacterial and viral organisms

A

germ

84
Q

number of new cases of disease occurring during a given time

A

incidence

85
Q

unstable

A

labile

86
Q

causing death

A

lethal

87
Q

afflicted with disease

A

morbid

88
Q

ratio of diseased animals to well animals in a population

A

morbidity

89
Q

near death

A

moribund

90
Q

ratio of diseased animals that die to diseased animals

A

mortality

91
Q

able to relieve but not cure a condition

A

palliative

92
Q

extreme fear

A

phobia

93
Q

number of cases of disease in a population at a certain time

A

prevalence

94
Q

prevention

A

prophylaxis

95
Q

condition occurring as a consequence of another condition

A

squela

96
Q

without showing signs of disease

A

subclinical

97
Q

lacking resistance

A

susceptible

98
Q

enlarged by fluid retention

A

swollen

99
Q

ability to transfer from on animal to the next

A

transmissible

100
Q

spread of disease via blood or body fluids

A

bloodborne transmission

101
Q

spread of disease via contact with reproductive areas or through copulation

A

sexual trasmission

102
Q

spread of disease via respiratory droplets

A

airborne transmission

103
Q

spread of disease via eating, drinking, of licking contaminated food, water, or objects

A

fecal-oral transmission

104
Q

pertaining to, resulting from, or causing injury

A

traumatic

105
Q

disease that can be transmitted between animals and humans

A

zoonosis

106
Q

the visual examination of the interior of any cavity of the body by means of an endoscope

A

endoscopy

107
Q

a procedure using an endoscope to aid in surgical procedures so that only very small incisions are made

A

endoscopic surgery

108
Q

a sharp, needlelike instrument that has a cannual that is used to puncture the wall of a body cavity t withdraw fluids or gas

A

trocar

109
Q

a hollow tube

A

cannual

110
Q

the surgical puncture to remove fluid or gas for diagnostic purposes or for treatment

A

centesis

111
Q

the procedure in which film is exposed as ionizing radiation passes through the patient and shows the internal body structures in profile

A

radiography

112
Q

the record of ionizing radiation used to visualize internal body structures

A

radiograph

113
Q

means appearing white or light gray on a radiograph

A

radiopaque

114
Q

appearing black or dark gray on a radiograph

A

radiolucent

115
Q

the study of internal body structures after exposure to ionizing radiation

A

radiology

116
Q

abbreviation for kilovoltage peak and represents the strength of the x-ray beam

A

kVp

117
Q

abbreviation for milliamperes per second and represents the number of x-ray beams (because it is based on time)

A

MAS

118
Q

a plain radiograph made without the use of a contrast medium

A

scout film

119
Q

a substance used to show structures on X-ray that are otherwise difficult to see

A

radiographic contrast medium, example - barium sulfate

120
Q

a type of contrast radiograph used to visualize the structured of the lower gastrointestinal tract.

A

lower GI, an enema is used to introduce contrast material into the colon; therefore also called a barium enema

121
Q

type of contrast radiograph used to visualize the structured of the upper gastrointestinal tract

A

upper GI, contrast material is swallowed; therefore is also called a barium swallow

122
Q

a radiographic examination of the lymphatic vessels after injection of contrast material

A

lymphangiography

123
Q

the bath of the X-ray beam

A

projection

124
Q

the specified body positioning and the part of the body closest to the film

A

positioning

125
Q

used in reference to positioning

A

recumbency

126
Q

refers to the animal in its normal standing position

A

anatomical position

127
Q

the procedure in which ionizing radiation with computer assistance passes through the patient and shows internal body structures in cross-sectional views

A

computed tomography also called CT scan or CAT scan

128
Q

the procedure in which radio waves and a strong magnetic field pass through the patient and show the internal body structures in three-dimensional views

A

MRI- Magnetic resonance imaging

129
Q

the procedure used to visually examine internal body structures in motion using radiation to project images on a fluorescent screen

A

fluroscopy

130
Q

the imaging of internal body structures by recording echos of high frequency waves

A

ultrasound or ultrasonography

131
Q

shows the internal body structures by recording echos of pulses of sound waves above the range of human hearing

A

sonogram

132
Q

intensity of an ultrasound wave

A

amplitude

133
Q

ultrasonic term for when waves are transmitted to deeper tissue and none are reflected back

A

anechoic

134
Q

loss of intensity of the ultrasound beam as it travels through tissue

A

attenuation

135
Q

ultrasound property of producing adequate levels of reflections when sound waves are returned to the transducer and displayed

A

echoic

136
Q

number of cycles per unit of tim

A

frequency

137
Q

tissue that reflects more sound back to the transducer than the surrounding tissues; appears bright

A

hyperechoic

138
Q

tissue that reflects less sound back to the transducer than the surrounding tissue; appears dark

A

hypoechoic

139
Q

tissue that has the same ultrasonic appearance as that of surrounding tissue

A

isoechoic

140
Q

ability to separately identify different structures on radiograph or ultrasound

A

resolution

141
Q

speed at which something travels through an object

A

velocity

142
Q

length that a wave must travel in one cycle

A

wavelength

VETT 1000 Veterinary Medical Terminology (21 decks)

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