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VETT 1000 Veterinary Medical Terminology > Chapter 11 The Great Communicator > Flashcards

Chapter 11 The Great Communicator Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

The ____ system is composed of ductless glands that secrete chemical messengers,called hormones, into the bloodstream

A

endocrine

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2
Q

prefix means within

A

endo-

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3
Q

suffix to secrete

A

-crine

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4
Q

Greek word means impulse or set in motion

A

hormone

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5
Q

list the glands of the endocrine system (there are 8)

A
  1. Pituitary (1)
  2. Thyroid (1)
  3. Parathyroid (4)
  4. Adrenals (2)
  5. Pancreas (1)
  6. Thymus (1)
  7. Pineal (1)
  8. Gondads (2)
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6
Q

The master gland, maintains appropriate hormone levels in the body

A

pituitary gland

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7
Q

combining form pituitary

A

pituit/o

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8
Q

the pituitary gland is under the influence of the ___

A

hypothalamus

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9
Q

combining form gland

A

aden/o

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10
Q

abbreviation thyroid stimulating hormone

A

TSH

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11
Q

augments secretion from the thyroid gland

A

thyroid stimulating hormone

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12
Q

augments secretion from the adrenal glands

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone

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13
Q

abbreviation adrenocorticotropic hormone

A

ACTH

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14
Q

maintains water balance in the body by augmenting water reabsorption in the kidneys

A

antidiuretic hormone

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15
Q

butterfly-shaped gland located on either side of the larynx

A

thyroid hormone

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16
Q

combining form thyroid

A

thyroid/o, thyr/o

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17
Q

this gland is responsible for regulation of metabolism, iodine uptake, Ca++ levels

A

thyroid gland

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18
Q

thyroid hormone that promotes absorption of Ca++ from blood into bones

A

calcitonin

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19
Q

thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism

A

thyroxine, triiodothyronine

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20
Q

four glands on surface of thyroid gland, regulate blood Ca++ and phosphorous

A

parathyroid glands

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21
Q

combining form parathyroid

A

parathyroid/o

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22
Q

two small glands located cranial to each kidney

A

adrenal glands

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23
Q

prefix toward

A

ad-

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24
Q

combining form kidney

A

ren/o

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25
Q

prefix above

A

supra-

26
Q

combining form adrenal

A

adren/o, adrenal/o

27
Q

outer portion of adrenal

A

cortex

28
Q

inner portion of adrenal

A

medulla

29
Q

the adrenal cortex secretes

A

corticosteroids

30
Q

a group of corticosteroids that regulate water balance by affecting transport in the kidney

A

mineralocorticoids

31
Q

a group of corticosteroids that regulate carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism; resistance to stress and immunologic function

A

glucocorticoids

32
Q

principle mineralocorticoid that regulates Na+ and K+

A

aldosterone

33
Q

a group of corticosteroids that regulate male sex characteristics

A

androgens

34
Q

combining form male

A

andr/o

35
Q

suffix producing

A

-gen

36
Q

synthetic medication similar to testosterone that are used to increase strength and muscle mass

A

Anabolic steroids

37
Q

breaking down

A

catabolism

38
Q

secretions of the adrenal medulla

A

epinephrine and norepinephrine

39
Q

another name for epinephrine

A

adrenaline

40
Q

catecholamine responsible for fight or flight, increases HR, BP, BG

A

epinephrine and norepinephrine

41
Q

aggregation of cells near the duodenum, endocrine and exocrine function

A

pancreas

42
Q

This endocrine organ is involved in blood glucose regulation

A

pancreas

43
Q

hormone that decreases blood glucose

A

insulin

44
Q

hormone that increases blood glucose

A

glucagon

45
Q

gland predominate in young animals in the cranioventral portion of the thorax, immunologic function

A

thymus

46
Q

combining form thymus

A

thym/o

47
Q

aggregation of cells in the central portion of the brain, affect circadian rhythm

A

pineal gland

48
Q

combining form pineal gland

A

pineal/o

49
Q

controls circadian rhythm and reproductive timing

A

melatonin

50
Q

sex cell

A

gamete

51
Q

gamete-producing glands

A

gonads

52
Q

disorder caused by deficient adrenal cortex

A

Hypoadrenocorticism, Addison’s disease

53
Q

disorder caused by excessive adrenal cortex production

A

Hyperadrenocorticism, Cushing’s disease

54
Q

condition of excessive thyroid hormone

A

hyperthyroidism

55
Q

condition of deficient thyroid hormone

A

hypothyroidism

56
Q

inflammation of the pancreas

A

pancreatitis

57
Q

tumor of the thymus

A

thymoma

58
Q

surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands

A

adrenalectomy

59
Q

chemical secreted by posterior pituitary that stimulates uterine contractions during parturition

A

oxytocin

60
Q

the regulator of the endocrine system

A

hypothalamus

VETT 1000 Veterinary Medical Terminology (21 decks)

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