Chapter 7 Joints Flashcards
What does arthro mean?
joint
What is the level of movement in a synarthrotic joint?
no movement
What is the level of movement in an amphiarthrotic joint?
little movement
What is the level of movement in the diarthrotic joints?
freely moveable
What is a defining characteristic of synovial joints?
they move freely
What type of joints are synovial joints?
diarthrotic
name the pink highlighted section of the synovial joint
articular hyaline cartilage
What capsule that protects and surrounds the entire joint?
fibrous/synovial capsule
What are the two components of the articular capsule within the synovial capsule surrounding the synovial joint?
fibrous membrane
synovial membrane
name the pink highlighted part of the synovial joint
synovial membrane
name the pink highlighted part of the synovial joint
fibrous membrane
What does the articular capsule come up against on the bone?
periosteum
What kind of tissue is the fibrous membrane?
dense irregular connective tissue
Name the pink highlighted section of the synovial joint
synovial cavity
What does the synovial membrane secrete?
a slippery fluid into the synovial cavity
what is the slippery fluid secreted by the synovial cavity called?
synovial fluid
name the pink highlighted section
periosteum
name the pink highlighted part
ligament
name the pink highlighted part
fibrous capsule
name the pink highlighted part
synovial membrane
name the pink highlighted part
articular hyaline cartilage
name the pink highlighted part
articulating bone
name the pink highlighted part
synovial cavity
What two types of ligaments do joints have?
extracapsular
intracapsular
What is bursa?
a sac filled with synovial fluid that creates soft space between two body parts that move near one another
What is a tendon sheath?
a longer bursa that surrounds a tendon
What are the four types of movements we see in joints?
gliding
angular
rotation
special
What is the least movable type of
joint movement in synovial joints?
gliding
Where are gliding movements found?
small bones with little movement like carpals and tarsals
What are the five types of angular movements?
hyperextension
extension
flexion
abduction
adduction
What happens to the angle of a joint in flexion?
decreases the angle of the joint
What happens to the angle of a joint in extension?
increases the angle of the joint
What is it called when a joint goes beyond anatomical position?
hyperextension
Can every joint hyperextend?
no
name the angular position
flexion
name the angular position
extension
name the angular position
hyperextension
name the angular position
extension
name the angular position
flexion
What is it called when you move a body part away from the midline?
abduction
what is it called when you move a body part toward the midline?
adduction
What is circumduction?
there is a fixed joint and you are moving a body part in many ranges of motion
What are the two most movable joints in the body?
shoulder and hip
what type of rotation is highlighted
two names for it
lateral or external
what type of rotation is highlighted
two names for it
internal or medial
name this movement for the jaw
elevation
name this movement for the jaw
depression
name this movement
protraction
name this movement
retraction
name this movement
sole of the foot up and to the inside (medial)
inversion
name this movement
sole of the foot up and out to the side
eversion
are inversion and eversion used with the foot only?
yes
name the movement
is it extension or flexion?
dorsiflexion
extension
name the movement
is it extension or flexion
plantar flexion
flexion
are dorsiflexion and plantar flexion only used with the ankle?
yes
is this pronation or supination
supination
is this pronation or supination
pronation
what is opposition
touching your thumb to your other fingertips
Name this joint movement represented by the arrows
gliding
What are examples of synarthrotic joints?
sutures
gomphosis
what are examples of amphiarthrotic joints?
pubic symphysis
intervertebral discs
what are characteristics of a fibrous joint?
no synovial cavity
held together by dense irregular CT rich in collagen
little to no movement
what are the characteristics of a cartilaginous joint?
no synovial cavity
bones held together by cartilage
little to no movement
what are the three types of fibrous joints?
syndesmosis
suture
interosseous membrane
what are the three types of cartilaginous joints?
synchondroses
symphyses
epiphyseal
