Chapter 11 Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
what does the autonomic nervous system control?
visceral motor
organs
which nervous system only interact with ACh, acetocholine?
somatic
which nervous system interacts with ACh and norepenepherine?
autonomic
what are the two subsystems of the autonomic nervous system?
sympathetic
parasympathetic
explain the travel process of an autonomic efferent nerve
from lower motor neuron
down myelinated preganglionic fiber
syapses with autonomic ganglion and delivers ACh to the unmyelinated postganglionic fiber
to effector (visceral muscle/organ)
parasympathetic uses ACh
sympathetic uses norepenephrine
what opposite affect does the parasympathetic and the sympathetic have?
parasympathetic slows down the heart & respiratory rate
sympathetic speeds up the heart and respiratory rate
where do the sympathetic neurons originate?
lateral horns of gray matter in the 12 thoracic and first 2 or 3 lumbar segments
thoracolumbar
where do the parasympathetic neurons originate?
cranial nerves III, VII, IX X
and sacral nervse S2, 3, 4 of spinal cord
craniosacral
when thinking of blood flow and sympathetic vs parasympathetic, when do these systems act opposite of their most typical behavior?
parasympathetic - increase bloodflow, relax blood vessels
sympathetic - decrease bloodflow, restrict blood vessels
where is the nicotinic receptor located?
postganglionic neuron
is the nicotinic receptor excitatory or inhibitory
excitatory
in the sympathetic nervous system, what neurotransmitter is always released in postganglionic neurons?
norepenephrine
what type of receptor is nicotinic?
cholinergic
what type of receptor is for norepenephrine?
adrenergic
what is the only neurotransmitter used in the parasympathetic nervous system?
ACh
what are the receptors on ACh effectors called?
muscarinic
what are the two cholinergic receptors for ACh
nicotinic
muscarinic
what is a beta blocker and what affect does it have on the heart?
dilates blood pressure so blood pressure is decreased.
what do cholinergic neurons release?
the neurotransmitter ACh
what do adrenergic neurons release?
norepinephrine
