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Theory Class > Chapter 7-8 > Flashcards

Chapter 7-8 Flashcards

1
Q

The medical branch of science that deals with the study of the skin, it’s functions, and diseases is ______

A

Dermatology

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2
Q

About how many years of post high school education and training are required to become a dermatologist?

A

12

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3
Q

The largest organ of the human body is the _____

A

Skin

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4
Q

The average adult skin weighs ______ pounds

A

6 to 9

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5
Q

The surface of healthy skin is slightly

A

Acidic

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6
Q

Continued pressure on any part of the skin causes it to thicken and develop into a(n) _____

A

Callus

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7
Q

How does the skin of the scalp diff from other skin?

A

The scalp has larger an deep er hair follicles

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8
Q

The outermost and thinnest layer of the skin is the ______

A

Epidermis

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9
Q

The epidermis has _____ layers

A

5

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10
Q

The layer of skin that is seen and treated by the cosmetology is the _____

A

Stratum Coreum

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11
Q

What is a fibrous protein that is the principal component of hair and nails?

A

Keratin

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12
Q

The skin layer in which the shedding of skin cells first begins is the stratum _____

A

Spinosum

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13
Q

The deepest layer in high the shedding of skin cells first begins is the stratum _____

A

Stratum Germinativum

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14
Q

The stratum germinativum is composed of several layers with special cells that produce a dark skin pigment called _____

A

Melanin

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15
Q

What is the name of the special cell in the stratum germinativum, responsible for producing dark skin pigment?

A

Melanocytes

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16
Q

The underlying or inner layer of the skin, which is also called the derma curium, cutis, or true skin, is the _____

A

Dermis

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17
Q

The highly sensitive dermis layer is about ____ times thicken than the epidermis

A

25

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18
Q

The muscle that causes goosebumps when a person is frightened or cold is the _____

A

Arrector Pili Muscle

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19
Q

The outermost layer of the dermis is the _____ layer

A

Papillary

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20
Q

Small, cone-shaped elevations at the bottom of hair follicles are known as ____

A

Dermal Papillae

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21
Q

The top of the papillary layer where it joins the epidermis is the _____

A

Epidermal Dermal Junction

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22
Q

The deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients is the _____

A

Reticular Layer

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23
Q

Fatty tissue found below the dermis is called _____

A

Subcutaneous Tissue

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24
Q

What type of nerve fibers carry impulses from the brain to the muscles?

A

Motor

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25
Q

What body part sends messages to the brain?

A

Sensory Serve Fibers

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26
Q

What layer of the dermis houses the nerve endings that provide the body with the sense of touch?

A

Papillary Layer

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27
Q

The tiny grains of pigment deposited in cells that provide skin with its color are ______

A

Melanin

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28
Q

The melanin produced by the body that is red to yellow in color is ____

A

Pheomelanin

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29
Q

_____ helps protect sensitive cells from UV rays

A

Melanin

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30
Q

What is a fibrous protein that gives skin form and strength?

A

Collagen

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31
Q

The fibrous protein that gives its flexibility and helps skin regain its shape after being expanded is _____

A

Elastin

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32
Q

Oil glands that are connected to hair follicles are also called _____

A

Sebaceous Glands

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33
Q

What sebum hardens and the sebaceous ducts becomes clogged, the pore impaction that is formed is a _____

A

Comedo

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34
Q

What is a small, round elevation on the skin that contains no fluid but may develop pus?

A

Papule

35
Q

Water is the number one nutrient of the body and composes what percentage of the body’s weight?

A

50 to 70 percent

36
Q

Vitamin ___ May help improve the skin’s elasticity and thickness

A

A

37
Q

Vitamin ___ promotes the production of collagen

A

C

38
Q

What vitamin enables the body to properly absorb and use calcium?

A

D

39
Q

A freckle is an example of a mark on the skin known as a ______

A

Lesion

40
Q

A large blister containing a watery fluid is _____

A

Bulla

41
Q

For which of the following skin lesions should the cosmetologist refer the client to his or her physician?

A

Bulla

42
Q

A flat spot or discoloration on the skin is a _____

A

Macule

43
Q

A small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid, but may develop pus is a _____

A

Papule

44
Q

A ____ forms from a papillae when dead white blood cells accumulate in it

A

Pustule

45
Q

An abnormal cell mass that varies in size, color, and shape is a _____

A

Tumor

46
Q

Which of the following is considered to be a primary skin lesion?

A

Wheal

47
Q

A(n) _____ is an itchy, swollen lesion that can be caused by a number of factors and usually resolves by itself

A

Wheal

48
Q

Lesions of the skin characterized by piles of material or a depression on the skin surface are ____

A

Secondary Skin Lesions

49
Q

Dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while it is healing comprise a ____

A

Crust

50
Q

_____ refers to a skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping

A

Excoriation

51
Q

Cracks in the skin that penetrate the dermis layer, such as chapped hands or lips, are _____

A

Fissures

52
Q

Which of the following is a secondary lesion?

A

Keloid

53
Q

An excessively thick scar resulting from overgrowth of fibrous tissue is known as a _____

A

Keloid

54
Q

Any thin dry or oily plate of epidermal flakes is known as a _____

A

Scale

55
Q

An open lesion of the skin or mucous membrane, accompanied by pus and characterized by loss of skin depth, is a(n) _____

A

Ulcer

56
Q

A hair follicle filled with keratin and sebum forms a _____

A

Comedo

57
Q

A Whitehead is also called a _____

A

Closed Comedo

58
Q

Benign, keratin filled cysts that appear just under the epidermis and have no visible opening are _____

A

Milia

59
Q

_____are keratin filled cysts that are usually associated with newborns and are commonly found around the eyes, cheeks, and forehead

A

Milia

60
Q

What is a skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands caused from retained secretions?

A

Acne

61
Q

A ____ is a large protruding pocket-like lesion filled with sebum

A

Sebaceous Cysts

62
Q

Inflammation of the sebaceous glands characterized by redness, dry or oily scaling, crusting, and/or itchiness is called _____

A

Seborrheic Dermatitis

63
Q

Distended or dilated surface blood vessels are called _____

A

Telangiectasias

64
Q

Ingestion of _____ foods can aggravate rosacea

A

Spicy

65
Q

Excessive sweating, caused by heat or general body weakness is _____

A

Hyperhidrosis

66
Q

____ is a common bacterial infection of the eye

A

Conjunctivitis

67
Q

What is a contagious, recurring viral infection characterized by fever blisters or cold sores?

A

Herpes Simplex 1

68
Q

A non contagious skin disease characterized by red patches covered with sliver-white scales found on the scalp elbows, knees, chest, and lower back is ____

A

Psoriasis

69
Q

Congenital hypopigmentation, or absence of melanin pigment of the body, including the skin, hair, and eyes is called _____

A

Albinism

70
Q

_____ is a skin disorder characterized by abnormal light patches

A

Leukoderma

71
Q

_____ refers to an abnormal brown or wine colored skin discoloration with a circular or irregular shape

A

Stain

72
Q

A _____ is a small brown or flesh colored outgrowth of the skin

A

Skin Tag

73
Q

The most common and least severe type of skin cancer is _____

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

74
Q

What type of skin cancer is often characterized by scaly red papules or nodules?

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

75
Q

Dark, brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised may be a warning sign of ______

A

Malignant Melanoma

76
Q

The American Cancer Society recommends using a checklist to recognize potential skin cancer or changes in moles, using the letter B to check mole _____

A

Borders

77
Q

The main food source for acne bacteria is _____.

A

Fatty Acids

78
Q

What are some extrinsic skin-aging factors?

A

Sun Exposure

79
Q

Between 80 percent and 85 percent of skin aging is caused by _____.

A

Sun Exposure

80
Q

The UV rays of the sun reach the skin in two different forms. What are these?

A

UVA and UVB Rays

81
Q

What rays of the sun cause sunburns and tanning and are also known as burning rays?

A

UVA Rays

82
Q

The two types of contact dermatitis are _____.

A

Allergic and Irritant

83
Q

_____ is an allergic reaction created by repeated exposure to a chemical or a substance.

A

Sensitization

Theory Class (16 decks)

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