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Theory Class > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

What term refers to the scientific study of hair and its diseases and care?

A

Trichology

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2
Q

The Greek word trichos means _____.

A

Hair

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3
Q

The hair, skin, nails, and glands are part of the _____ system.

A

Integumentary

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4
Q

What part of the hair is located below the surface of the epidermis?

A

Hair Root

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5
Q

The pocket or tube-like depression in the scalp or skin that contains the hair root is the hair _____.

A

Follicle

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6
Q

The thickened, club-like structure that forms the lower part of the hair root is the _____.

A

Hair Bulb

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7
Q

A small, cone-shaped area located at the base of the hair follicle that fits into the hair bulb is the _____.

A

Dermal Papilla

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8
Q

What structures contain the blood and nerve supply that provide the nutrients needed for hair growth?

A

Dermal Papillae

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9
Q

The small, involuntary muscle fiber in the base of the hair follicle is the _____.

A

Arrest or Pili

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10
Q

The substance secreted by the sebaceous glands is called _____.

A

Sebum

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11
Q

What is the oily substance secreted by the skin’s oil glands that lubricates the hair and skin?

A

Sebum

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12
Q

The body naturally produces _____ of the 20 amino acids that make up hair.

A

11

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13
Q

What is the outermost layer of hair?

A

Hair Cuticle

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14
Q

Which layer of the hair shaft creates the shine and the smooth, silky feel of healthy hair?

A

Hair Cuticle

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15
Q

A lengthwise section of hair shows that cuticle scales overlap and each individual cuticle scale is attached to the _____.

A

Cortex

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16
Q

Which term refers to a layer that protects the hair from penetration and prevents damage to hair fibers?

A

Hair Cuticle

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17
Q

The fibrous protein core formed by elongated cells that contains melanin pigment is the _____.

A

Cortex

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18
Q

The changes involved in oxidation haircoloring, wet setting, thermal styling, permanent waving, and chemical hair relaxing take place within the _____.

A

Cortex

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19
Q

Hair is composed of protein that grows from cells originating within the _____.

A

Hair Follicle

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20
Q

The hair shaft that emerges from the scalp is a nonliving fiber composed of _____.

A

Keratinized Protein

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21
Q

Hair is approximately _____ percent protein.

A

90

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22
Q

The major elements that make up human hair are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur, often referred to as _____.

A

COHNS Elements

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23
Q

The units of structure that build protein and are joined together end to end like pop beads are _____.

A

Amino Acids

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24
Q

A long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds is called a _____ chain.

A

Polypeptide

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25
Q

What substances are comprised of long, coiled, complex polypeptides made of amino acids?

A

Proteins

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26
Q

The three different types of side bonds that link chains of amino acids together are _____.

A

Hydrogen, Salt, and Disulfide

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27
Q

A physical side bond that is easily broken by water and heat is a _____ bond.

A

Hydrogen

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28
Q

What type of bond is broken by wetting the hair with water and is reformed when the hair dries?

A

Hydrogen Bond

29
Q

A weak, physical, cross-link side bond between adjacent polypeptide chains that is broken by changes in pH is a _____ bond.

A

Salt

30
Q

Permanent waving and hair relaxers change the shape of hair by chemically altering the hair’s _____.

A

Disulfide Bonds

31
Q

Hydroxide chemical relaxers break disulfide bonds and convert them to _____ bonds

A

Lanthionine

32
Q

All natural hair color is the result of pigment called _____.

A

Melanin

33
Q

The pigment that provides brown or black color to hair is _____.

A

Eumelanin

34
Q

What pigment in hair provides natural colors ranging from red and ginger to yellow and blond tones?

A

Pheomelanin

35
Q

What term refers to the shape of the hair strand?

A

Wave Pattern

36
Q

What is the cross-section shape of curly hair?

A

Oval

37
Q

Vellus hair is also known as _____ hair.

A

Lanugo

38
Q

What type of hair is short, fine, unpigmented, and downy?

A

Vellum Hair

39
Q

What are the three growth cycles of human hair?

A

Anagen, Catagen, Telogen

40
Q

What is the growth phase during which new hair is produced?

A

Anagen

41
Q

What is the resting phase or final phase of the hair cycle that lasts until the fully grown hair is shed?

A

Telogen Phase

42
Q

The sudden falling out of hair in round patches or baldness in spots is known as _____.

A

Alopecia Areata

43
Q

The complete loss of all body hair is known as _____.

A

Alopecia Universalis

44
Q

Temporary hair loss experienced at the end of a pregnancy is called _____.

A

Postpartum Alopecia

45
Q

What is the technical term for gray hair?

A

Canities

46
Q

The condition of abnormal hair growth of terminal hair is referred to as _____.

A

Hypertrichosis

47
Q

Trichoptilosis is the technical term for _____.

A

Split Ends

48
Q

What is a condition that is characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the hair shaft?

A

Trichorrhexis Nodosa

49
Q

What is the technical term for beaded hair?

A

Monilethrix

50
Q

What is the technical term for brittle hair?

A

Fragilitas Crinium

51
Q

What is the medical term used to describe dandruff?

A

Pityriasis

52
Q

Current research confirms that dandruff is the result of a fungus called _____.

A

Malassezia

53
Q

What is a severe type of dandruff characterized by an accumulation of greasy or waxy scalp scales mixed with sebum?

A

Pityriasis Steatoides

54
Q

What severe form of dandruff is accompanied by redness and inflammation?

A

Seborrheic Dermatitis

55
Q

What is the medical term for ringworm?

A

Tinea

56
Q

Tinea is characterized by itching scales and sometimes painful circular lesions and is caused by _____.

A

Fungal Organisms

57
Q

What is a scalp disorder characterized by dry, sulfur-yellow, cup-like crusts on the scalp?

A

Tinea Favosa

58
Q

What is a highly contagious skin disease caused by a parasite called a mite?

A

Scabies

59
Q

What term refers to an infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice?

A

Pediculosis Capitis

60
Q

What term refers to an acute, localized bacterial infection of the hair follicle that produces constant pain?

A

Furuncle

61
Q

The thickness or diameter of the individual hair strand is referred to as hair _____.

A

Texture

62
Q

Which type of hair has the largest diameter and usually requires more processing?

A

Coarse Hair

63
Q

The measurement that describes the number of individual hair strands on one square inch of the scalp is hair _____.

A

Density

64
Q

The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is hair _____.

A

Porosity

65
Q

Chemical services performed on hair with low porosity require a _____ solution

A

More Alkaline

66
Q

The ability of hair to stretch and return to its original length without breaking is referred to as hair _____.

A

Elasticity

67
Q

Hair flowing in the same direction, as the result of follicles sloping in the same direction, is known as a _____.

A

Hair Stream

68
Q

Dry hair and scalp should be treated with products that contain moisturizers and _____.

A

Emollients

Theory Class (16 decks)

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