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Theory Class > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

The branch of science that applies to substances that contain carbon is called ______ chemistry

A

Organic

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2
Q

What is the study of substances that lack the element carbon, but may contain the element hydrogen?

A

Inorganic Chemistry

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3
Q

A characteristic of all inorganic substances is that they ____

A

Lack Carbon

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4
Q

The simplest form of chemical matter that cannot be broken down without the loss of identity is a(n) _____

A

Element

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5
Q

All hair color products are organic chemicals, which means they _____

A

Contain Carbon and Hydrogen

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6
Q

There are ____ naturally occurring elements, each with its own district physical and chemical properties

A

98

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7
Q

The basic unit of matter, with a nucleus at the center surrounded by negatively charged electrons that move around the nucleus in orbits, is a(n) _____

A

Atom

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8
Q

Chemical combining two or more atoms produces a _____

A

Molecule

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9
Q

The chemical combination of two or more atoms of different elements produces a(n) _____

A

Compound

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10
Q

Sodium chloride is an example of a(n) _____

A

Compound Molecule

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11
Q

What state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container?

A

Liquid

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12
Q

What is an example of a chemical property?

A

Ability to Rust

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13
Q

Change in the form of a substance that does not cause a chemical reaction is a(n) _____ change

A

Physical

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14
Q

The oxidation of hair color is an example of a _____

A

Chemical Change

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15
Q

What type of chemical reaction results in the oxidizing agent being reduced and the reducing agent being oxidized?

A

Redox

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16
Q

Chemical reactions that are characterized by giving off heat are _____

A

Exothermic

17
Q

The rapid oxidation if a substance, accompanied by the production of heat and light, is known as _____

A

Combustion

18
Q

A chemical combination of matter in definite (fixed) proportions is a _____

A

Pure Substance

19
Q

Air contains many substances, including nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor, and is an example of a _____

A

Physical Mixture

20
Q

A stable physical mixture of two or more substances in a solvent is a(n) _____

A

Solution

21
Q

A substance, usually liquid , that dissolves another substance to form a solution is a(n) _____

A

Solvent

22
Q

Mutually soluble liquids that can be mixed together to form clear solutions are _____

A

Compatible

23
Q

Water and alcohol _____

A

Are examples of middle liquids

24
Q

An unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances is a(n) ____

A

Emulsion

25
Q

Substances that allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify, are ____

A

Surfactants

26
Q

Being “capable of combining with or attracting water (water loving)” is defined as ____

A

Hydrophilic

27
Q

“Having an affinity or attraction to fat and oil (oil loving)” is defined as _____

A

Lipophilic

28
Q

What is an example of an oil-in-water emulsion of two immiscible liquid?

A

Cold Cream

29
Q

Substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products are _____

A

Alkanolamines

30
Q

What is an example of ammonia compound that is used to perform chemical services in a salon?

A

Ammonium Hydroxide

31
Q

A sweet, colorless, oily substance that is used as a moisturizer in skin and body creams is _____

A

Ammonia

32
Q

A common volatile organic compound used in hairspray is _____

A

Ethyl Alcohol

33
Q

An atomic molecule that carries an electrical charges a(n) _____

A

Ion

34
Q

What term refers to the separation of an atomic molecule into positive and negative ions?

A

Ionization

35
Q

An ion with a positive electrical charge is considered to be _____

A

A Cation

36
Q

A solution with a pH value of seven indicates a(n) _____ solution

A

Neutral

Theory Class (16 decks)

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