Chapter 6 Flashcards
The study of body structures that can be seen with the eye is called ____
Anatomy
The scientific study of the function and activities performed by the body’s structures is called ____
Physiology
The basic units of all living things are ____
Cells
The cells of all living organisms are made of a substance called ____
Protoplasm
____ is to raw egg white as ____ is to raw egg yolk
Protoplasm; Nucleus
The dense, active structure at the center of the cell is the _____
Nucleus
What is the fluid of a cell that surrounds the nucleus and is necessary for growth and reproduction?
Cytoplasm
In living organisms, cell reproduction is called
Mitosis
Most cell reproduce by dividing into two cells called ____ cells
Daughter
A collection of similar cells that perform a function is called a(n) ____
Tissue
What is the tissue that binds together, protects, and supports various parts of the body?
Connective Tissue
Another term for fat is ____ tissue
Adipose
You hungrily take a bite of steaming hot pizza and the bubbling cheese burns the inside of your mouth. What type of tissue have you damaged?
Epithelial
The type of tissue that controls and coordinates body function is ____ tissue
Nerve
Structures composed of specialized tissues that perform specific functions in plants and animals are called ____
Organs
The physical foundation of the body consisting of bones connected by joints is the _____
Skeletal System
How many bones are in the adult human body?
206
The joint pain people complain about is often cause by ____
Inflammation Surrounding The Joint
The skull consists of the _____
Cranium and Facial Bones
The facial skeleton has how many bones?
14
The bone that forms the back of the skull above the nape is the ____
Occipital
The bone that joins all of the bones of the cranium together is the ____
Sphenoid Bone
The cheekbones are also called the ______
Zygomatic Bones
The elastic, bony cage that acts as a protective framework for the heart and lungs is the _____
Thorax
The inner and larger bone of the forearm, attached at the wrist and located on the side of the little finger, is the ____
Ulna
The smaller bone of the forearm, on the same side as the thumb, is the _____
Radius
The bones in the fingers or digits are called ____
Phalanges
The heavy, long bone that forms the legs above the knee is called the _____
Femur
The ankle joint is composed of how many bones?
Three
The part of the muscle that does not move is the ______
Origin
The middle part of the muscle is called the _____
Belly
The part of the muscle that moves and is farthest from the skeleton is the _____
Insertion
Pressure in massage is usually directed from the _____
Insertion to Origin
To find the comb she dropped on the floor while working on her client Tyna lowered her head and turned her head away. What muscle was Tyna most likely using?
Sternocleidomastoideus
Suppose you instruct a client to close his or her eyes before you apply makeup. Which muscle are you instructing the client to use?
Orbicularis Oculi
You notice your instructor watching you perform a service. Your instructor’s eyebrows are down and her forehead has vertical wrinkles in it. What muscle is she most likely using?
Corrugator Muscle
What muscle can easily be damaged during makeup application?
Levator Palpebrae Superioris
The muscle that covers the back of the neck and upper and middle region of the back is the _____
Latissimus Dorsi
The muscles that turn the hand inward so the palm faces downward are the _____
Pronators
Muscles that draw the fingers together the fingers are called _____
Adductors
The scientific study of the structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system is called ____
Neurology
The nervous system as a whole is divided into how many main subdivisions?
Three
What nervous system controls the voluntary functions of the five senses?
Central
The largest and most complex organization of nerve tissue in the body is the ____
Brain
The simplest form of nervous activity that includes a sensory and motor nerve is called a(n) _____
Reflex
The whitish cords made up of bundles of nerve fibers, held together by connective tissue that make up the nervous system are called ____
Nerves
The largest of the cranial nerves also called the fifth cranial nerve, is the _____
Trigeminal Nerve
What nerve supplies impulses to the skin on the outer side and back of the foot and leg?
Sural Nerve
To what part of the heart is oxygenated blood returned?
Left Atrium
Thin-walled blood vessels that are less elastic than arteries and located closer to the skin surface are ____
Veins
How much blood is in the adult human body?
8-10 Pints
Blood is generally bright red in the arteries and dark red in the veins. What accounts for the difference in color?
The Exchange of Carbon Dioxide for Oxygen
The main arteries that supply blood to the head, neck, and face are the ____
Common Carotid Arteries
Describe the part of the lymphatic system
Thymus Gland
The word integument means _____
Natural Covering
One square centimeter of skin contains ____ yards of nerves
4
Ductless glands that release secretion of hormones directly into the bloodstream are ____
Endocrine Glands
Insulin, adrenaline, and estrogen are all examples of _____
Hormones
What gland plays a major role in sexual development, sleep, and metabolism?
Pineal
How might a cosmetologist notice changes in a clients thyroid function?
Changes in the growth rate, quality, or texture of hair or nails
What organs are part of the female reproductive system?
Ovaries
The primary male reproductive hormone is _____
Testosterone
Acne, loss of scalp hair, facial hair growth and color, and darker skin pigmentations are some of the results of changing or fluctuating ______
Hormones
