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Theory Class > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

The study of body structures that can be seen with the eye is called ____

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

The scientific study of the function and activities performed by the body’s structures is called ____

A

Physiology

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3
Q

The basic units of all living things are ____

A

Cells

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4
Q

The cells of all living organisms are made of a substance called ____

A

Protoplasm

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5
Q

____ is to raw egg white as ____ is to raw egg yolk

A

Protoplasm; Nucleus

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6
Q

The dense, active structure at the center of the cell is the _____

A

Nucleus

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7
Q

What is the fluid of a cell that surrounds the nucleus and is necessary for growth and reproduction?

A

Cytoplasm

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8
Q

In living organisms, cell reproduction is called

A

Mitosis

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9
Q

Most cell reproduce by dividing into two cells called ____ cells

A

Daughter

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10
Q

A collection of similar cells that perform a function is called a(n) ____

A

Tissue

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11
Q

What is the tissue that binds together, protects, and supports various parts of the body?

A

Connective Tissue

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12
Q

Another term for fat is ____ tissue

A

Adipose

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13
Q

You hungrily take a bite of steaming hot pizza and the bubbling cheese burns the inside of your mouth. What type of tissue have you damaged?

A

Epithelial

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14
Q

The type of tissue that controls and coordinates body function is ____ tissue

A

Nerve

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15
Q

Structures composed of specialized tissues that perform specific functions in plants and animals are called ____

A

Organs

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16
Q

The physical foundation of the body consisting of bones connected by joints is the _____

A

Skeletal System

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17
Q

How many bones are in the adult human body?

A

206

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18
Q

The joint pain people complain about is often cause by ____

A

Inflammation Surrounding The Joint

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19
Q

The skull consists of the _____

A

Cranium and Facial Bones

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20
Q

The facial skeleton has how many bones?

A

14

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21
Q

The bone that forms the back of the skull above the nape is the ____

A

Occipital

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22
Q

The bone that joins all of the bones of the cranium together is the ____

A

Sphenoid Bone

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23
Q

The cheekbones are also called the ______

A

Zygomatic Bones

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24
Q

The elastic, bony cage that acts as a protective framework for the heart and lungs is the _____

A

Thorax

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25
Q

The inner and larger bone of the forearm, attached at the wrist and located on the side of the little finger, is the ____

A

Ulna

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26
Q

The smaller bone of the forearm, on the same side as the thumb, is the _____

A

Radius

27
Q

The bones in the fingers or digits are called ____

A

Phalanges

28
Q

The heavy, long bone that forms the legs above the knee is called the _____

A

Femur

29
Q

The ankle joint is composed of how many bones?

A

Three

30
Q

The part of the muscle that does not move is the ______

A

Origin

31
Q

The middle part of the muscle is called the _____

A

Belly

32
Q

The part of the muscle that moves and is farthest from the skeleton is the _____

A

Insertion

33
Q

Pressure in massage is usually directed from the _____

A

Insertion to Origin

34
Q

To find the comb she dropped on the floor while working on her client Tyna lowered her head and turned her head away. What muscle was Tyna most likely using?

A

Sternocleidomastoideus

35
Q

Suppose you instruct a client to close his or her eyes before you apply makeup. Which muscle are you instructing the client to use?

A

Orbicularis Oculi

36
Q

You notice your instructor watching you perform a service. Your instructor’s eyebrows are down and her forehead has vertical wrinkles in it. What muscle is she most likely using?

A

Corrugator Muscle

37
Q

What muscle can easily be damaged during makeup application?

A

Levator Palpebrae Superioris

38
Q

The muscle that covers the back of the neck and upper and middle region of the back is the _____

A

Latissimus Dorsi

39
Q

The muscles that turn the hand inward so the palm faces downward are the _____

A

Pronators

40
Q

Muscles that draw the fingers together the fingers are called _____

A

Adductors

41
Q

The scientific study of the structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system is called ____

A

Neurology

42
Q

The nervous system as a whole is divided into how many main subdivisions?

A

Three

43
Q

What nervous system controls the voluntary functions of the five senses?

A

Central

44
Q

The largest and most complex organization of nerve tissue in the body is the ____

A

Brain

45
Q

The simplest form of nervous activity that includes a sensory and motor nerve is called a(n) _____

A

Reflex

46
Q

The whitish cords made up of bundles of nerve fibers, held together by connective tissue that make up the nervous system are called ____

A

Nerves

47
Q

The largest of the cranial nerves also called the fifth cranial nerve, is the _____

A

Trigeminal Nerve

48
Q

What nerve supplies impulses to the skin on the outer side and back of the foot and leg?

A

Sural Nerve

49
Q

To what part of the heart is oxygenated blood returned?

A

Left Atrium

50
Q

Thin-walled blood vessels that are less elastic than arteries and located closer to the skin surface are ____

A

Veins

51
Q

How much blood is in the adult human body?

A

8-10 Pints

52
Q

Blood is generally bright red in the arteries and dark red in the veins. What accounts for the difference in color?

A

The Exchange of Carbon Dioxide for Oxygen

53
Q

The main arteries that supply blood to the head, neck, and face are the ____

A

Common Carotid Arteries

54
Q

Describe the part of the lymphatic system

A

Thymus Gland

55
Q

The word integument means _____

A

Natural Covering

56
Q

One square centimeter of skin contains ____ yards of nerves

A

4

57
Q

Ductless glands that release secretion of hormones directly into the bloodstream are ____

A

Endocrine Glands

58
Q

Insulin, adrenaline, and estrogen are all examples of _____

A

Hormones

59
Q

What gland plays a major role in sexual development, sleep, and metabolism?

A

Pineal

60
Q

How might a cosmetologist notice changes in a clients thyroid function?

A

Changes in the growth rate, quality, or texture of hair or nails

61
Q

What organs are part of the female reproductive system?

A

Ovaries

62
Q

The primary male reproductive hormone is _____

A

Testosterone

63
Q

Acne, loss of scalp hair, facial hair growth and color, and darker skin pigmentations are some of the results of changing or fluctuating ______

A

Hormones

Theory Class (16 decks)

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