Chapter 7

Question 1

Immunogenicity depends on

a. Host foreignness
b. tolerance
c. chemical simplicity
d. low molecular weight molecules

Answer 1

Host foreignness

Question 2

Which of the following are capable of forming clones

a. helper t cells
b. cytotoxic t cells
c. b cells
d. both T & B cells

Answer 2

Both T and B Cells

Question 3

Which cells are stimulated by IL-2

a. b cells
b. t cells & NK cells
c. mast cells
d. thymic epithelial cells

Answer 3

T and NK cells

Question 4

Which binds MHC class I molecules

a. helper t cells
b. cytotoxic t cells
c. b cells
d. both b & t cells

Answer 4

cytotoxic T cells

Question 5

HLAs

a. when dissimilar in transplanted tissue or organs the more likely the transplant will be successful
b. are not found on the surfaces of erythrocytes
c. are found on the surfaces of very few human cells
d. are not MHC molecules

Answer 5

are not found on the surfaces of erythrocytes

Question 6

CD4 markers are associated with

a. cytotoxic t cells
b. suppressor t cells
c. helper t cells
d. antigen presenting cells (APCs)

Answer 6

Helper T cells

Question 7

Antibodies are produced by

a. b cells
b. t cells
c. helper t cells
d. plasma cells
e. memory cells

Answer 7

plasma cells

Question 8

An immunoglobulin contains

a. two heavy and two light polypeptide chains
b. four heavy and four light polypeptide chains
c. two heavy and four light polypeptide chains
d. four heavy and two light polypeptide chains

Answer 8

two heavy and two light polypeptide chains

Question 9

The antibody class that has the highest concentration in the blood is

a. IgA
b. IgD
c. IgE
d. IgG
e. IgM

Answer 9

IgG

Question 10

Which of the following antibodies is matched with its appropriate role?

a. IgA/allergic reactions
b. IgD/found in respiratory secretions
c. IgE/found in gastric secretions
d. IgM/first to challenge the antigen

Answer 10

IgM,/first to challenge the antigen

Question 11

The primary immune response involves

a. a rapid plasma cell response with peak antibody level by 3 days
b. macrophage production of antibodies
c. T cell production of antibodies
d. a latent period followed by peak antibody production

Answer 11

a latent period followed by peak antibody production

Question 12

The B cell receptor (BCR) complex consist of:

a. IgG or IgD antibody
b. IgE or IgD antibody
c. antibody like transmembrane protein
d. antigen recognition molecules

Answer 12

antigen-recognition molecules

Question 13

Cytokines and their receptors function

a. as intracellular chemical signals
b. as chemical signals between cells
c. as negative regulators of acquired immune responses
d. to decrease the production of proteins

Answer 13

as chemical signals between cells

Question 14

Clonal selection

a. occurs primarily in the fetus
b. induces central tolerance
c. occurs primarily after birth and throughout life
d. occurs in central lymphoid organs.

Answer 14

c occurs primarily after birth and throughout life

Question 15

Immunologic tolerance develops because

a. self reactive lymphocytes are eliminated in the primary lymphoid organs
b. self reactive lymphocytes are inactivated in the secondary lymphoid organs
c. lymphocytes remember their first exposure to the antigen
d. t cells may reprogram themselves by receptor editing

Answer 15

a self reactive lymphocytes are eliminated in the primary lymphoid organs

Question 16

Endogenous antigens:

a. are carried on microorganisms that are phagocytized
b. are presented by class II major histocompatibility
c. may be produced by cancerous cells
d. are digested in lysosomal environment

Answer 16

c. may be produced by cancerous cells

Question 17

Cytotoxic T cells:

a. inhibit extracellular viruses
b. inhibit virus infected cells
c. inhibit viral protein synthesis
d. decrease expression of MHC molecules

Answer 17

inhibit virus infected cells

Question 18

Antibody is effective against

a. extracellular viruses
b. virus infected cells
c. viral protein synthesis
d. expression of MHC molecules

Answer 18

extracellular viruses

Question 19

Transforming growth factor (TGF) functions to

a. increase phagocytosis
b. increase expression of MHC class II
c. Be chemotactic for neutrophils and T cells
d. stimulate wound healing

Answer 19

d) stimulate wound healing

Question 20

______ are necessary to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses
a. Helper T cells
b amamnestic
c. regulatory T cells

Answer 20

helper T cells

Question 21

A second challenge by the same, earlier antigen results in an __________ immune response characterized by more antibody production in a shorter time than the initial or first challenge
a. Helper T cells
b amamnestic
c. regulatory T cells

Answer 21

anamnestic

Question 22

______ function to avoid attacking self antigens or avoid over activation of immune responses.
a. Helper T cells
b amamnestic
c. regulatory T cells

Answer 22

regulatory T cells

Question 23

______ cause activation of large populations of T lymphocytes irrespective of antigen specificity.
a. Helper T cells
b superantigens
c. secretory immune system

Answer 23

Superantigens

Question 24

The ______ consist of antibodies in bodily secretions, that protect the body against antigens yet to penetrate the skin or mucous membranes
a. Helper T cells
b superantigens
c. secretory immune system

Answer 24

secretory immune system