Chapter 10

Question 1

Which of the following is a characteristic of Selye’s stress syndrome

a. adrenocortical enlargement
b. thymus enlargment
c. it is a specific response to stress
d. lymphatic organs enlarge

Answer 1

Adrenocortical enlargment

Question 2

Which of the following characterizes the alarm stage?

a. increased lymphocytes
b. increased sympathetic activity
c. increased parasympathetic activity
d. increased eosinophils

Answer 2

increased sympathetic activity

Question 3

in stressed or depressed individuals:

a. natural killer cells are stimulated
b. damaged dna is repaired properly
c. apoptosis of immune and cancer is altered
d. cellular immunity is increased and humoral immunity is decreased

Answer 3

apoptosis of immune and cancer is altered

Question 4

Which is the correct sequence of Selye’s hypothesis for stress?

a. INcreased ACTH secretion, alarm
b. Increased ACTH in the blood, hypertrophy of the adrenal cortex
c. Stimulation of the sympathetic centers, alarm
d. Increased secretion of epinephrine, increased ACTH in the blood

Answer 4

Increased ACTH in the blood, hypertrophy of the adrenal cortex

Question 5

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is released by the

a. adrenal medulla
b. adrenal cortex
c. anterior pituitary
d. hypothalamus

Answer 5

hypothalamus

Question 6

Stress may be defined as any factor that stimulates the

a. posterior pituitary
b. anterior pituitary
c. hypothalamus to release CRH
d. hypothalamus to release ADH

Answer 6

hypothalamus to release CRH

Question 7

Which of the following is true?

a. stressors initially stimulate the adrenal cortex
b. stressors stimulate immunity
c. the emotions, fear, anxiety, and grief can act as stressors
d. stressors are the ams for all individuals

Answer 7

the emotions, fear, anxiety, and grief can act as stressors

Question 8

glucocorticoids are highest during the stage of?

a. exhaustion
b. alarm
c. resistance

Answer 8

resistance

Question 9

The physiologic response to the stress of a student’s final exam may be:

a. reactive
b. a conditioned behavior
c. anticipatory
d. caused by a physical stressors

Answer 9

reactive

Question 10

The production of cortisol in response to stress can be initiated by:

a. the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, and adrenal cortex
b. the hypothalamus, posterior pituitary, and adrenal cortex
c. the hypothalamus, sympathetic nerve fibers, and adrenal cortex
d. the hypothalamus, sympathetic nerve fibers, and adrenal medulla

Answer 10

the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, and adrenal cortex

Question 11

Cortisol:

a. affects protein catabolism
b. decreases blood sugar
c. increases immune response
d. increases allergic reactions

Answer 11

affects protein catabolism

Question 12

Which of the following would occur in response to stress?

a. increased systolic blood pressure
b. decreased epinephrine
c. constriction of the pupils
d. decreased adrenocorticoids

Answer 12

increased systolic blood pressure

Question 13

Which of the following would be least useful in the assessment of stress?

a. Total blood cholesterol
b. eosinophil count
c. lymphocyte count
d. adrenocorticoid levels

Answer 13

Total blood cholesterol

Question 14

In response to stress, the adrenal cortex secretes:

a. norepinephrine
b. norepinephrine & cortisol
c. cortisol & aldosterone
d. norepinephrine & Aldosterone

Answer 14

cortisol & aldosterone

Question 15

coping:

a. slows natural killer cell activity
b. best involves solving the stress circumstance by oneself
c. effectively leads to immune dysfunction
d. manages stressful demands exceeding an individuals resources

Answer 15

manages stressful demands exceeding an individuals resources

Question 16

Fill in the blank:

Biochemicals secreted by the adrenal cortex in response to stress are _______

Answer 16

corticoids

Question 17

Fill in the blank:

_______ cause disturbances in cognition, emotion, and behavior.

Answer 17

stressors

Question 18

Fill in the blank:

The bodily changes initiated by noxious stimuli cause the _______

Answer 18

stress response

Question 19

Fill in the blank:

The stage of GAS wherein the immunity of an individual is most impaired is the _____

Answer 19

exhaustion stage

Question 20

Fill in the blank:

The stage of GAS that triggers the sympathetic nervous system is the _______

Answer 20

alarm stage

Question 21

Fill in the blank:

The cytokine produced by macrophages stimulating release of CRH is _______

Answer 21

IL-1

Interleukin 1 stimulates the release of ACTH by the release of CRH.

Question 22

An interleukin that increases ACTH level is _____

Answer 22

IL-2

remember is produced by T cells and potentiates T & B cells

Question 23

A neurotransmitter augmenting the action of catecholamines is _______

Answer 23

NPY (Neuropeptide Y)

Increases vasoconstriction & action of catecholamines.

Question 24

a substance produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts that enhance phagocytic activity is _______

Answer 24

IFN (Interferon)

They are antiviral, they suppress neoplpastic growth, and stimulate hypothalamus, pituitary & adrenal pathways)

Question 25

_____ inhibit pain, CRH secretion, and blood pressure increases

Answer 25

endorphins