Chapter 7 Flashcards

Question

Concepts

Answer 1

Ideas that represent a class or category of objects events, ideas or activities

Answer 2

Examples that match defining characteristics of the concepts

Answer 3

Goal directed cognitions

Answer 4

Selecting among alternative choices

Answer 5

Random efforts at finding a solution until success/failure

Answer 6

Certain step by step procedures to solve certain types of problems

Answer 7

Rule of thumb Educated guess that helps us narrow down the possible solutions for a problem

Answer 8

Associate certain type of object for all objects of that type Red muscle car vs tan volvo

Answer 9

Use of available info to answer a question where your info is limited Scared of aircraft’s but really the safest option just hear about

Answer 10

Start from end goal and work out plan to achieve said goal

Answer 11

Mechanism to achieving larger goals

Answer 12

Sudden perception of a solution to a problem “aha” moment Alternative perspective Permanent forms of learning

Answer 13

Fixed on one type of learning that they ignore other methods that might be superior

Answer 14

Tendency to persist in using problem solving methods that have worked in the past Punishing in parenting

Answer 15

Tendency to search for evidence that fits one’s beliefs while ignoring any evidence that doesn’t fit beliefs

Answer 16

Process of solving problems by combining ideas or behavior in new ways

Answer 17

Pulling ideas together to form a decision

Answer 18

Exploring many perspectives that might contribute towards an eventual solution

Answer 19

5% of people think 5% of people think they think 90% of people have no idea how to think

Answer 20

An educated optan is not one with the most knowledge but rather an educated man is one who has developed the faculties of their mind to acquire anything they want (or equivalent) without violating the rights of others

Answer 21

Lost keys Getting good grades Arguing with spouse Personal challenge Debt

Answer 22

Ability to learn from one’s experiences, acquired knowledge, and use resources effectively in adapting to new situations or solving problems

Answer 23

General intelligence High G linked with high S

Answer 24

Specific intelligence

Answer 25

Verbal linguistic Musical Logical/mathematical Visual/spatial Interpersonal Intrapersonal Naturalistic Existential (big picture, meaning of life)

Answer 26

Analytical intelligence: book smart Creative intelligence: artists, composers, creative people Practical intelligence: street smart, deal w challenges as they arrive

Answer 27

Crystallized intelligence: accumulation of knowledge, increase over time Fluid intelligence: ability to process info effectively, subject to environment and choices of individual, must use brain vigorously or else it will decline in ability to think effectively

Answer 28

Metal ability test Originator of IQ tests Place children in right grade

Answer 29

One of two major IQ tests

Answer 30

One of two IQ tests

Answer 31

Intelligence quotient MA/CA X 100 Mental age/chronological age

Answer 32

Average IQ is fixed at 100 with standard deviation of 115

Answer 33

68% 85-115 96% 70-130 99.7 55-145

Answer 34

Does it measure consistently

Answer 35

Does it measure what it is designed to measure

Answer 36

Retardation Mild, moderate, severe, profound

Answer 37

Are smart people likely to be more crazy 60 year study Early on: socially well adjusted, skillful leaders, above average physique, resistant to mental disorders Adulthood: more academic degrees, greater success (professional, financial, relational, self image), Lowe levels of mental disorders Early pushing found to be destructive

Answer 38

Twin and adoptive studies More DNA related, higher IQ correlation Same environmental conditions, higher IQ correlation