Chapter 6: Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

Abduction

Answer 1

Motion of the limb away from the middle

Question 2

Adduction

Answer 2

Motion of the limb towards the midline.

Question 3

Artery

Answer 3

Blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the lungs and body

Question 4

Blood Pressure

Answer 4

Pressure of force inside the walls of the body’s arteries

Question 5

Body system

Answer 5

Group of organs and other structures that work together to perform specific functions

Question 6

Brain

Answer 6

Organ of the CNS responsible for the control of al lthe body systems.

The brain coordinates to function of sensation, controls muscles, keeps body organs functioning automatically, and integrates consciousness, memory, emotions, and the use of language.

Question 7

Capillaries

Answer 7

Tiny blood vessels that connect arteries to veins. They provide nutrients and oxygen to and remove wates from the cells.

Question 8

Cardiovascular System

Answer 8

Organs and structures that circulate blood around the body using the heart, arteries, and veings. It delivers nutrients to organs and cells while carrying chemical waste products away fro mthe cells. Helps to equalize body temperature.

AKA circulatory system

Question 9

Cells

Answer 9

Basic units of all living tissue

Question 10

CNS

Answer 10

Central Nervous System

Includes brain and spinal cord

Question 11

Diaphragm

Answer 11

Large, thick, flat muscle between the chest and abdomen that is used for breathing.

Question 12

Digestive ssytem

Answer 12

Also known as the gastrointestinal system.

A group of organs/structures that use mechanical and chemical processes to break down food and absorb nutrients into the body. Also eliminates waste or unused materials that is eaten

Question 13

Endocrine System

Answer 13

A collection of glands that produce chemical substances called hormones that travel through the bloodstream influencing target organs

Question 14

extension

Answer 14

the straightening of a joint

Question 15

Flexion

Answer 15

The bending of a joint

Question 16

Human Anatomy

Answer 16

The study of structures that can be seen with the unaided eye and structures visible only through a microscope in humans

Question 17

Human physiology

Answer 17

The study of the mechanical, physical, bioelectic, and biomichanical functions of humans.

Question 18

Immune Response

Answer 18

The body’s response to a substance foreign to the body, such as bacteria.

Question 19

Immunity

Answer 19

The state of being protected from a disease, especially an infectious disease.

Question 20

Integumentary System

Answer 20

Specialized tissues covering and protecting the body. The skin helps retain fluids, regulates temperature, transmits info from the environment to the brain, and protects the body from the outside environment.

Question 21

Ligaments

Answer 21

Ibrous tissues that connect a bone to another bone.

Question 22

Lymphatic System

Answer 22

Organs and other structures that remove extra fluid from tissues, absorb and transport fats from the cardiovasular system, and make white blood cells and transport them from the lymph nodes

Question 23

Muscular system

Answer 23

Tissues that allow movement of the body, beating of the heart, and movement within the organs or the digestive system and other tubular structures.

Question 24

Nervous System

Answer 24

A group of organs/structures that regulate all body functions by collecting and processing information, using the brain and complicated wiring system to all organs.

Question 25

Neuron

Answer 25

A specialized cell that conducts electrical impulses

Question 26

Organs

Answer 26

Structures containing similar tissues that act together to perform specific body funtions

Question 27

Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 27

The part of the nervous system tout side of the CNS

Question 28

Reproductive System

Answer 28

Organs and structures that bring air containing oxygen into the body and eliminate CO2 to the environment through the process of breathing or ventilation

Question 29

Skeletal System

Answer 29

The bones and other supporting tissues that provide structure to the body, provide attachment points for muscles, protect internal organs, allow movement, store minerals, and constitute that major site where blood cells are made.

Question 30

Tendon

Answer 30

A extension of a muscle that attaches to a bone

Question 31

Tissue

Answer 31

A collection of cells acting together to perform a specific body function.

Question 32

Urinary System

Answer 32

Organs and structures that remove wates and toxins from the blood and excretes them as urine. This system maintains the body’s water and electrolyte balance

Question 33

Vein

Answer 33

blood vessel that carries blood to the hearts.