Chapter 20: Musculoskeletal Injuries Flashcards
Acromioclavicular Joint
AC Joint
The joint of the shoulder in which the acromion (top of the scapula) and the clavicle articulate
Angulation
A sharp bend in a broken bone; a broken bone that is visibly crooked
Articular cartilage
The cartilage that is affixed to the end of a bone within a joint
Articulation
The site at which the ends of two or more bones come together to form a joint
Bone crepitus
A noise or palpable feeling or crackling when fractured bone ends rub together
Cartilige
A tough, elastic, fibrous connective tissue found in various parts of the body, including the joints, outer ear, and end of the nose
Cortex
the hard, outer layer of a bone
Dislocation
Separation or displacemaent of the bones of a joint
Dorsal
Toward the back of the body or body part
Dorsiflex
to move a part of the body towards the back (dorsally)
False movement
A motion that occurs at the site of a fracture of a long bone that is not present when the bone is intact
Fracture
break in a bone’s cortex
guarding
the act of holding an injured arm or leg in a protective position to prevent further injury
immobilization
the process of holding an object in place
joints
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or the sites at which wo or more bones meet
join capsule
a sheet of fibrous connective tissue enclosing a synovial joint
ligaments
tissues that connect bone to bone. They provide structure for a joint
Meniscus
A specialized cartilage found in some joints, such as the knee and AC Joint
Musculoskeletal system
the combo of the bony skeleton, connective tissue, and voluntary muscles that combine to give the body its form and enable its movement
Periosteum
the thin vascular outer covering of the cortex of a bone
Plantarflex
the movement of the boot or toes downward towards to sole of the foot
popliteal fossa
the posterior part of the knee
Skeletal muscle
type of muscle tissue that attaches to the skeleton and is controlled voluntarily by the nervous system.
Functions to move joints to perform physical activities
Sling a swathe
Soft splint used to immobilize upper extremity injuries
Splint
a mechanical device used to prevent a part of the body from moving, protecting it from further injury
Sprain
A stretched or torn ligament
Strain
a stretched or torn muscle or tendon
Sublaxation
Event in which a joint partially dislocates and returns to its normal anatomic position
Synovium
the inner layer of the joint capsule whose cells make a viscous fluid that lubricates joint
tendons
dense tissues that connect muscle to bone
traction
the amount of force required to straighten a limb and keep it in alignment.
When in use for a femur, applied force is typically 10% of the patient’s body weight
Traction splint
splint used on a lower extremity to align a fracture such as midshaft femur
Zone of injury
the area that is close to or surrounding an injury of an extremity
