Chapter 6

Question 1

how many bones are in the human body?

Answer 1

206

Question 2

functions of the bones

Answer 2

support, movement, protection, storage, blood cell production

Question 3

tissues

Answer 3

cartilage
ligaments
tendons
bones

Question 4

bones

Answer 4

compact

spongy (cancellous)

Question 5

epiphysis

Answer 5

ends of the long bone

Question 6

diaphysis

Answer 6

shaft of the long bone

Question 7

medullary cavity

Answer 7

cavity within the shaft of the long bones filled with bone marrow

Question 8

periosteum

Answer 8

membrane covering bones

has lots of blood vessels

Question 9

trabeculae

Answer 9

little bony plates that makeup spongy bone

Question 10

osteoblasts

Answer 10

cells that do the rebuilding

Bone forming cells

Question 11

osteocytes

Answer 11

bone cell

Located bt thin sheets of extracellular matrix called lamellae

Question 12

osteclasts

Answer 12

cells that destroy and breakdown the bone

Question 13

ossifitcaion

Answer 13

• process of making bone
• intramembranous ( connective tissue membrane)
• endochondral (cartilage)

Question 14

fontanal

Answer 14

soft spot on babies head

Question 15

intramemranous

Answer 15

between membranes

happens in babies skull

Question 16

endochondral

Answer 16

springy cartilage

replaced by bone when you get older

Question 17

types of fractures

Answer 17

spiral
oblique
complete
incomplete
comminuted
impacted
simple 
compound

Question 18

complete

Answer 18

completely broken through

Question 19

incomplete

Answer 19

broken but still connected to self

also called a greenstick fracture

Question 20

comminuted

Answer 20

shattered

Question 21

impacted

Answer 21

jammed bone together

Question 22

simple

Answer 22

doesn’t break skin

Question 23

compound

Answer 23

breaks through the skin

Question 24

axial skelton

Answer 24

skull
hyoid
vertebral column
rib cage
sternum

Question 25

skull

Answer 25

cranium | face

Question 26

cranium

Answer 26

8 bones | wraps around skull

Question 27

face

Answer 27

14 bones | jaw bones

Question 28

sinuses

Answer 28

makes kull lighter | allows voice to resonate

Question 29

hyoid

Answer 29

adams apple anchors muscles in the tongue used for swallowing only bone not attatched to another

Question 30

vertebral column

Answer 30

``` 33 bones intervertebral disks (fibro cartilage) ```

Question 31

5 types of vertebral bones

Answer 31

``` 7 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 1 sacral 1 coccyx bone ```

Question 32

rib cage

Answer 32

12 ribs 8-12 false ribs (2 are called floating ribs) 1-7 true ribs (directly attatched to sternum)

Question 33

sternum

Answer 33

manubrium body xiphoid process

Question 34

joint disorders

Answer 34

``` arthritis degenerative joint disorder gout burstitis and bunions joint replacement ```

Question 35

appendicular skeleton

Answer 35

pectoral girdle and arm | pelvic girdle and legs

Question 36

arm

Answer 36

``` carpuls (Wrist) metacarpuls (palm and hand) phalanges (fingers) radius (big arm bone) ulna (smaller arm bone) humerus (upper arm) ```

Question 37

pectoral girdle

Answer 37

-Clavicles and the scapulae - Attach the upper limbs to the axial skeleton - Provide attachment sites for muscles that move the upper limbs

Question 38

pelvic girdle

Answer 38

coxa sacrum (5 bones)

Question 39

articulations

Answer 39

fibrous cartilaginous synovial

Question 40

fibrous

Answer 40

sutures (inflexible) syndesmoses (roll past eachother but still held together) gamphoses (joint that your teeth are held into jaw)

Question 41

cartilaginous

Answer 41

bones connect to cartilage ribs dont move very much

Question 42

synovial

Answer 42

``` moveable joints hinge joint (elbow and knee) ball and socket (hips and shoulder) ```

Question 43

movements

Answer 43

``` inversion eversion flex and extending promote soupine medial lateral circumduction abduction aduction ```

Question 44

inversion

Answer 44

moving foot into you | Faces medially

Question 45

eversion

Answer 45

turning foot out | Laterally

Question 46

Pronation

Answer 46

Palm is down

Question 47

Supination

Answer 47

Palm faces up

Question 48

abduction

Answer 48

away from body | seperate

Question 49

aduction

Answer 49

bring closer to center

Question 50

4 types of bone

Answer 50

long (Arm/leg) short (wrist) flat (skull) irregular

Question 51

atlas

Answer 51

vertebrae that hols up head | c1

Question 52

basic structural unit of bones

Answer 52

osteons

Question 53

bone growth

Answer 53

Break down bone and bring it to the outside to rebuild; grows long and wide

Question 54

axis

Answer 54

rotates head | c2

Question 55

legs

Answer 55

``` femur (longest bone) tibia (shin) fibula (long skinny bone) patella (knee) synphosis (joins coxa bones) tarsals (heels) metatarsals phalanges (toes) ```

Question 56

symphasis pubis

Answer 56

piece of cartilage fuses the coxa bone

Question 57

arthritis

Answer 57

inflammation of a joint caused by breakdown of cartilage

Question 58

degenerative joint disease

Answer 58

characterized by the wearing away of the articular cartilage within the joints

Question 59

gout

Answer 59

build up of uric acid

Question 60

Bursitis

Answer 60

inflammation of a bursa