Chapter 12: Cardiovascular

Question 1

Closed circulatory system

Answer 1

A circulatory system in which the oxygen-carrying blood cells never leave the blood vessels, follows a path. In humans

Question 2

Open circulatory system

Answer 2

open circulatory system

A circulatory system that allows the blood to flow out of the blood vessels, doesn’t follow a path

Question 3

arteries

Answer 3

blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

Question 4

arterioles

Answer 4

smaller artery

Question 5

vasoconstriction

Answer 5

decreased diameter of blood vessels

Question 6

vasodilation

Answer 6

the increased diameter of blood vessels

Question 7

Veins

Answer 7

blood vessels that carry blood to the heart

not many muscles

70% of blood flowing through the body

Question 8

veinuoles

Answer 8

small vein

Question 9

myocardium

Answer 9

the thick middle layer of heart consisting of cardiac muscle

responsible for contraction of the heart chambers

Question 10

Pericardium

Answer 10

double-walled sac enclosing the heart

Question 11

pulmonary

Answer 11

carries blood to lungs for gas exchange & back to heart

right side

Question 12

Systemic

Answer 12

supplies oxygenated blood to all tissues of body & returns it to heart

left side

Question 13

passage of blood through the body

Answer 13

.

Question 14

Chordae Tendineae

Answer 14

thin, strong, connective tissue

heart strings

Question 15

Systole

Answer 15

amount of pressure exerted by heart in full contraction

Question 16

Diastole

Answer 16

amount of pressure exerted when completely relaxed

Question 17

Lubb Dupp

Answer 17

sound of valves closing

Question 18

Pulse

Answer 18

60-80

A pressure wave that occurs with each beat of the left ventricle

Question 19

Sinoatrial Node

Answer 19

SA

the pacemaker of the heart

cluster of cells that generate electricity

Question 20

Atrioventricular Node

Answer 20

AV

a small collection of specialized cardiac muscle fibers located in the inferior part of the right atrium

picks signal from SA node

signal tells the ventricles to contract, moves it to bundle branches

Question 21

Bundle branches

Answer 21

Received electrical impulse from AV and sends it to Perkinji fibers

Question 22

Purkinje fibers

Answer 22

Receives electrical impulse

Question 23

ECG

Answer 23

electrocardiogram

Question 24

Regulation of the heart

Answer 24

intrinsic

extrinsic

Question 25

intrinsic

Answer 25

within heart heart controlling own beat Starlings law of the heart

Question 26

starlings law of the heart

Answer 26

the relationship between preload and stroke volume

Question 27

extrinsic

Answer 27

outside heart nervous; sympathetic, parasympathetic, baroreceptors horomones

Question 28

Heart disorders

Answer 28

thrombosis infarct atherosclerosis angioplasty bypass

Question 29

thrombosis

Answer 29

blood clot

Question 30

infarct

Answer 30

region of dead tissue

Question 31

atherosclerosis

Answer 31

deposits in ateries

Question 32

angioplasty

Answer 32

balloon surgery

Question 33

bypass

Answer 33

alternative route to supple

Question 34

prevention of heart disorders

Answer 34

nutrition smoking alcohol stress exercise hypertension

Question 35

by age 70

Answer 35

cardiac output is decreased by 1/3 connective tissue is less flexible and Ca deposits form on the valves

Question 36

what are atrioventricular valves?

Answer 36

valves that control blood flow between the atria & ventricles

Question 37

what are the two atrioventricular valves?

Answer 37

- R AV valve (aka tricuspid valve) - L AV valve (aka mitral or bicuspid valve)

Question 38

heartbeat

Answer 38

rate and regularity of the heart rhythm