Chapter 5

Question 1

Functions of skin

Answer 1

protection
sensation
synthesis
temp regulation
excretion

Question 2

Hypodermis/Subcutaneous

Answer 2

the tissue under the skin

has fat cells

Question 3

Epidermis

Answer 3

the top layer of skin
thinnest layer
has no blood vessels or nerves

Question 4

Dermis

Answer 4

the thickest layer of skin
has blood vessel, nerves, sweat glands
responsible for the structural strength of the skin

Question 5

Arrector pili

Answer 5

smooth muscle attached to the hair follicle and dermis that causes goosebumps

Question 6

Cleavage lines/tension lines

Answer 6

The orientation of collagen fibers in the skin (surgery should go along the grain of these lines)

Question 7

striae/stretch marks

Answer 7

develop when a person rapidly increases in size

Question 8

Keratinization

Answer 8

a process that involves forming a waterproof protein

Question 9

callus

Answer 9

thickening of the stratum corneum of the skin in response to friction

Question 10

Melanin

Answer 10

brown to black pigment responsible for skin and hair color

Question 11

melanocytes

Answer 11

cells found mainly in the stratum basale of skin that produce melanin

Question 12

cyanosis

Answer 12

blue coloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by insufficient oxygenation of blood

Question 13

hair follicle

Answer 13

where hair arises from

an invagination of the epidermis that extends deep into the dermis

Question 14

carotene

Answer 14

used as a source of vitamin A that can turn skin yellowish/orange

Question 15

Sebacous glands

Answer 15

secretes oil to keep skin supple and waterproof

Question 16

sweat glands

Answer 16

merocrine

apocrine

Question 17

merocrine

Answer 17

secretes products with no loss of cellular material (water producing sweat glands)
always active

Question 18

apocrine

Answer 18

active when puberty starts

Question 19

burns

Answer 19

Partial thickness

full thickness

Question 20

partial thickness

Answer 20

1st degree

2nd degree

Question 21

1st degree burns

Answer 21

damaged epidermis

Question 22

2nd degree burns

Answer 22

damaged epidermis and dermis

Question 23

full thickness burn

Answer 23

3rd degree burn

Question 24

3rd degree burn

Answer 24

epidermis and dermis are completely destroyed

recovery occurs from edges of wound

Question 25

skin cancer

Answer 25

basal cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
malignant melanoma
Associated to exposure to ultraviolet light from the sun

Question 26

basal cell carcinoma

Answer 26

most common type

cells in the startum basale and extends in the dermis to produce an open ulcer

Question 27

squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 27

develops from cells immediatley superficial to the stratum basale
these cells divide and produce keratin
results in nodular, keratinized tumor confines to epidermis

Question 28

malignant melanoma

Answer 28

rare

arises from melanocytes usually in a preexisitng mole

Question 29

3 layers of hair

Answer 29

cuticle
cortex
medulla

Question 30

nails

Answer 30

protect digits

defense

Question 31

jaundice

Answer 31

liver damage

Question 32

rash

Answer 32

allergy or infection

Question 33

vitamin A defficency

Answer 33

sand paper skin

Question 34

iron defficency

Answer 34

spoon shaped nails

Question 35

Dermal papillae

Answer 35

little bumps under dermis

gives fingerprints

Question 36

stratum basale

Answer 36

Bottom of epidermis, cells divide

Question 37

startum corneum

Answer 37

Top of epidermis, skin flakes off