Chapter 14: Respiratory System

Question 1

right lung

Answer 1

3 lobes

lower

Question 2

internal respiration

Answer 2

refers to gas exchange across the respiratory membrane in the metabolizing tissues, such as the skeletal muscles.

Question 3

nares

Answer 3

Openings in nose that lead to nasal cavity

nostril

Question 4

trachea

Answer 4

lower
wind pipe
16-20 C shaped cartilage
Allows air to flow into lungs

Question 5

Bronchi

Answer 5

lower
main passageway into the lungs
main limbs of trachea

Question 6

bronchitis

Answer 6

caused by infection or pollutant
results in swelling
infection in bronchi

Question 7

pneumonia

Answer 7

viral or bacterial

Question 8

normal breathing rate

Answer 8

12-20 breaths per minutes

Question 9

diaphragm

Answer 9

Large, flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that helps with breathing

Question 10

Alveoli

Answer 10

surfactant (break surface tension of water)
the site of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange in the respiratory system
Air sacks covered by capillaries.
Surface area equivalent to a tennis court.
Air filled chambers
tiny sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood

Question 11

Vital capacity

Answer 11

total amount of air moving in/out of lungs

Tidal volume and inspiratory reserve and expiratory reserve

Question 12

nasal cavities

Answer 12

ridges inside call concha.

Warms air before it hits the lungs.

Question 13

lung cancer

Answer 13

most common cause of cancer death in US
attributed to smoking
spread easily

Question 14

diptheria

Answer 14

grayish membrane in throat

Question 15

Larynx

Answer 15

Upper
voice box
behind hyoid

Question 16

external respiration

Answer 16

gas exchange across the respiratory membrane in the lungs

Question 17

flu

Answer 17

deadliest disease in history

Question 18

tidal volume

Answer 18

500mL

normal breathing volume

Question 19

infection

Answer 19

bronchitis
Pneumonia
Tuberculosis
flu
strep
diptheria

Question 20

Residual volume

Answer 20

The amount of air that remains in the lungs after a forced exhalation
1200 ml

Question 21

Cyctic fibrosis

Answer 21

viscous mucus build up in lungs

can result in lungs bleeding

Question 22

disorders of the respiratory system

Answer 22

emphysema
cyctic fibrosis
lung cancer

Question 23

Pharynx

Answer 23

opening between back of nose and throat

Upper

Question 24

Process

Answer 24

ventilation, gas exchange in lungs, transport of gas, gas exchange in tissues

Question 25

Epiglottis

Answer 25

covers trachea, prevents inhaling while eating | lower

Question 26

TB

Answer 26

lumps of bacteria in lungs

Question 27

emphysema

Answer 27

destruction of alveolar walls (with bronchitis=COPD)

Question 28

experiatory reserve

Answer 28

deep breathe out 1,100 Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation

Question 29

functions of respiratory system

Answer 29

gas exchange, immunity, regulation of blood pH, olfaction, voice production

Question 30

left lung

Answer 30

2 lobes | lower

Question 31

inspiratory reserve

Answer 31

Amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled after a normal tidal volume inhalation (deep breathe in) 3,000ml

Question 32

cartilaginous rings

Answer 32

trachea | allow for the expansion of the underlying esophagus when food or liquids pass through

Question 33

Bronchioles

Answer 33

end in alveoli | small bronchi

Question 34

srep

Answer 34

bacterial infection and inflammation

Question 35

ventilation

Answer 35

``` inspiration/inhalation expiration/exhalation diaphragm external interclasts change in vol=change in pressure high to low ```

Question 36

upper

Answer 36

nasal cavities and pharynx

Question 37

lower

Answer 37

epiglottis, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs