Chapter 57 - Valvular Heart Disease

Question 1

Cause of collapse due to VHD?

Answer 1

Pericardial effusion from LA tear, syncope associated with coughing, pulmonary hypertension caused by left-sided VHD

Question 2

What is the most common signalment of bacterial endocarditis?

Answer 2

Large breed male dogs

Question 3

3 ways to diagnose PH using spectral doppler in echo

Answer 3

1. Measuring the velocity of tricuspid insufficiency
2. Measuring the velocity of pulmonic insufficiency
3. Examining the ratio of the aceleration time: ejection time of flow through the pulmonary artery

Question 4

What biomarkers are related to VHD?

Answer 4

1. BNP / NT-proBNP
2. ANP / NT-proANP
3. CTnI (cardiac troponin 1)

Question 5

What are echocardiographic findings of PHT from VHD?

Answer 5

1. Enlarged RV with thickened walls and papillary muscles
2. Septal flattening
3. Some degree of diminution of the LV and LA
4. Tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient
5. Pulmonic insufficiency pressure gradients

Question 6

T/F: pericardiocentesis should be performed in cases of left atrial tear (LAT)

Answer 6

Should NOT be performed