Chapter 5 Working Cell

Question 1

What is Energy?

Answer 1

Capacity to perform work

Question 2

What is the difference between kinetic and potential energy?

Answer 2

Kinetic Energy-Energy of motion (also heat, light)
Potential Energy- Energy that is stored by location or structure.
Cells live by taking chemical energy (potential) contained in atoms and re-arranging the atoms to harvest energy to perform work.

Question 3

What are the two laws of thermodynamics?

Answer 3

1st Law: Energy conservation; energy cannot be created or destroyed
2nd Law: Energy changes reduce the order of the universe (energy “lost” as heat)

Question 4

How is chemical energy released and stored?

Answer 4

Reactions can store chemical energy in bonds

Other reactions can release that energy by breaking and moving the chemical bonds.

Question 5

What is cellular respiration?

Answer 5

Chemical breakdown of glucose to obtain energy in a form cells can use to perform work (ATP)

Question 6

What is metabolism?

Answer 6

All of the chemical reactions in an organism

Question 7

How do enzymes facilitate reactions?

Answer 7

Proteins speed up specific reactions by lowering activation energy; they are not charged by it or directly involved in it

Question 8

What is an active site?

Answer 8

Location on enzyme that can interact with the substrate.

Question 9

What is an enzyme inhibitor?

Answer 9

Molecule which prevents the substrate from binding to the enzyme.