Chapter 21 Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function Flashcards
What are open systems?
Organisms that are continuously exchanging chemicals and energy with its surroundings to survive.
What is the hierarchical arrangements of organisms?
Cell > Tissue > Organ > Organ system > Organism
What is each hierarchical arrangement structured?
Cells are grouped into tissues, which are grouped into organisms, which are grouped into organ systems, which together are grouped into the organism.
What are the different types of tissues?
Epithelial Tissue, Connective Tissue, Adipose Tissue, Nervous Tissue
What connective tissue is bone and what is it’s function?
It is a rigid connective tissue and has a matrix of collagen fibers hardened with deposits of calcium salts that make up the skeletal structure.
What is the purpose of adipose tissue?
Stores fat, stockpiles energy, and pads and insulates the body.
What is the purpose of nervous tissue?
Makes communication of sensory information possible, is found in the brain and spinal cord, and consists of a network of neurons.
What is the purpose of epithelial tissue?
Covers the surface of the body and lines the organs and cavities within the body. Cell are fused together and form a protective barrier, and fall off and are continuously renewed.
What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscle?
Voluntary muscles you can control and manipulate while involuntary you cannot. There are two types of muscle striated(voluntary) and smooth (involuntary).
What is negative feedback?
Most mechanisms of homeostasis depend on this principle. It which the results of a process inhibit the same process. Such as thermostat that turns off a heater when room temperature rises to a set point.
What is the function of a nephron?
Carry out the functions of the urinary system. Consist of a tubule and its associated blood vessels and number more than a million in a kidney.
What are the four key functions of Nephrons?
Filtration: forcing water and other small molecules from the blood to form filtrate
Reabsorption: of water and valuable solutes back into the blood
Secretion: of certain substances, such as ions and drugs, into filtrate
Excretion of urine from the kidneys to the outside
