Chapter 22 Nutrition and Digestion Flashcards
What are the four stages of Food Consumption?
Ingest, Digest, Absorb, and Eliminate
What is Chemical Digestion?
The chemical breakdown of food by digestive enzymes, begins in the mouth with the secretion of saliva from the salivary glands.
What is Mechanical Digestion?
Begins the process and involves physical processes like chewing.
Where does ingestion occur?
The mouth or oral cavity
Where does absorption occur?
Small Intestines
Where does most chemical digestion occur?
In the duodenum
How does food move through the alimentary canal?
Through peristalsis which are alternating waves of muscular contraction and relaxation.
What does the stomach secrete?
Chyme (Hydrochloric acid, mucus, and enzymes)
What is secreted by the pancreas?
Pancreatic Juice
What is secreted by the liver?
Bile (stored in the gallbladder)
Where is feces stored?
The Rectum
Where are nutrients absorbed?
Through the small intestine
Where is H2O absorbed?
in the large intestine
What are villi and microvili?
They are on the surface of the small intestine and increase the surface area (2700 sq ft) and increase the capacity for absorption.
What are essential amino acids? Why do we need them?
These are 8 different essential amino acids that can only be obtained from diet. We need these to survive and cannot create them ourselves.
