Chapter 27 Nervous, Sensory, and Locomotor Systems Flashcards
What are the 3 basic parts of a neuron?
Dendrite, Axon, and synaptic terminal
Which direction is information transmitted?
Dendrite, cell body, to axon
How is a neuron fired?
If the stimulus is strong enough, a sufficient number of channels open to reach the threshold, the minimum change in a membrane’s voltage that must occur to trigger the action potential.
What is the function of supporting cells?
Outnumber neurons by as many as 50 to 1 and protect, insulate, and reinforce the neurons.
What comprises the CNS?
Brain and spinal cord
What comprises PNS?
neurons that come into the CNS
Why is the cerebral cortex so highly folded?
folding increases surface area and can increase activity
Significance of Phineas Gage?
Scientists realized that there are association areas in the brain and learned what can happen when certain parts get damaged
What are chemoreceptors?
Respond to chemicals in the external environment or body fluids
What are photoreceptors?
Respond to electricity, magnetism, or light. Ex. rods and cones in the eye
What are mechanoreceptors?
Stimulated by various forms of mechanical energy
What are Thermoreceptors?
Detect heat or cold.
