Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Sensations and Perceptions > Chapter 5-the Perception Of Color > Flashcards

Chapter 5-the Perception Of Color Flashcards

1
Q

Color descriptions use how many attributes and what are they

A

3; hue, brightness, saturation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hue

A

“Color”; chromatic aspect of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Saturation

A

Amount of hue present in light; how deep of a color, how pure it is; the less saturated it is the more white it is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Brightness

A

Amount of light, less of any wavelength changes it to blacker; black-white achromatic axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many axes

A

2; red vs green and blue vs yellow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

RBG

A

Different color space to define wavelength present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Subtractive color mixing

A

Mixture of pigments; if pigment a and b mix, some of the light shining on the surface will be subtracted by a and some by b. The remainder contributes to the perception of color. See in paining, mixing color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When you subtract all wavelengths you see what color

A

You get black

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

White light has what wavelength color

A

All colors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mixing blue and yellow make green-how

A

High pass filter for yellow, band pass filter for blue, the ones that are the same make green

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Color printer cartridge has what colors

A

MCY (magenta, cyan, yellow); subtractive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Computer screen has what wavelengths

A

Red, green, blue; additive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Additive color mixing

A

A mixture of lights; if a and b are both reflected from a surface to the eye, in the perception of color, the effects of those two lights add together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When all the wavelengths are added together, what color

Or when just red, blue and green added

A

White

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

S cones

A

Detect short wavelengths (420-ish), blue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

M cones

A

Detect medium wavelengths (535-ish) green

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

L cones detect

A

Long wavelengths (565-ish) red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cone photoreceptors aren’t called by the color because

A

They absorb all colors, just more sensitive to some rather than others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Problem of univariance

A

Infinite set of different wavelength intensity combinations can elicit exactly the same response from a single type of photoreceptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

According to the problem of univariance, one type of photoreceptor ___ detect color discriminations based on wavelength

A

Cannot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

With univariance, don’t know what stimulated, just how to ____

A

Respond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Photopic

A

Light intensities that are bright enough to stimulate the cone receptors and bright enough to saturate the rod receptors

23
Q

Scotopic

A

Light intensities that are bright enough to to simulate rods but too dim to stimulate cones

24
Q

With three cone types, we can tel the ____ amount of different between individual lights of different wavelengths

A

Relative

25
Q

Under Photopic conditions, what cones are active

A

S, m and l

26
Q

Trichromacy (young helmholtz theory)

A

The color of any light is defined in our visual system by the relationships of the outputs of three receptor types; relative outputs of 3 receptor types, how strongly 1 responds in relation to the others

27
Q

Additive mixture uses what material

A

Metamers

28
Q

Metamer

A

Pairs of light containing different wavelengths that appear identical; mixtures that look the same but have different wavelengths

29
Q

Test color containing a single wavelength can be matched subjectively to another color containing a ____ of primary wavelengths at different intensities

A

Mixture

30
Q

Normal observers need how many primaries to match test color

A

3

31
Q

To explain Metamers, use what curve

A

Curve of chromatic sensitivity for different cone combos; one side is excitatory and one is inhibitory (positive and negative)

32
Q

Can create curves of chromatic sensitivity for ___ cone combos

A

Different; single wavelength gives pure hue

33
Q

How many colors result from a single wavelength

A

3, yellow green and blue

34
Q

Green/red and blue/yellow chromatic sensitivity curve create

A

3 primaries and range of colors

35
Q

Opponent color theory (psychophysics example)

A

The theory that perception of color is based on the output of three mechanisms, each of them based on an opponent between two colors; red-green, blue-yellow, black-white

36
Q

LGN has cells that are cone opponent cells

A

Neurons whose output is based on a difference between sets of cones; center surround (red center, green surround, etc); overall color presence

37
Q

Cone opponent cells subtract ____ of cone input from another

A

One type

38
Q

In the primary visual cortex, double opponent color cells are found for the first time

A

More complicated, combine the properties of two color opponent cells from LGN; spots of color

39
Q

Single opponent cells (cone opponent cells)

A

Red vs green

40
Q

Double opponent cells

A

R-/G+ in surround, R+/G- in center; more red in center and green in the background gives greater response

41
Q

Color constancy

A

The tendency of a surface to appear the same color under a fairly wide range of illuminants; see the same color even in a wide range of light sources

42
Q

To achieve color constancy, we must discount the ____ and determine what the true color is regardless of how it appears

A

Illuminant

43
Q

Illuminant

A

Light that illuminates a surface

44
Q

Physical constraints make constancy possible

A

Intelligent guesses about Illuminant, assumptions about light sources, assumptions about surfaces

45
Q

Guesses about Illuminant

A

Day outside-blue
Inside-yellow
Take into account response across entire retina (horizontal/amacrine)

46
Q

Assumptions about light sources

A

From above, consistent over space

47
Q

Assumptions about surfaces

A

Maintain constant surface reflect ants, consistent with prior experience

48
Q

Spectral power distribution

A

Physical energy in a light as a function of wavelength

49
Q

Color blindness

A

8% of men and .5% of females

50
Q

Deuteranope

A

Color blindness from loss of M cones (r/g)

51
Q

Protanope

A

Color blindness from loss of L cones; r/g

52
Q

Tritanope

A

Color blindness from loss of S cones; b/y

53
Q

Cone monochromat

A

Have just one cone type; completely color blind; can’t tell color difference, just a difference in light and dark levels

Sensations and Perceptions (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions