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Sensations and Perceptions > chapter 4-perceiving and recognizing objects > Flashcards

chapter 4-perceiving and recognizing objects Flashcards

1
Q

extrastriate cortex

A

region of cortex bordering the primary visual cortex; V2, V3, V4

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2
Q

what comes after extrastriate cortex

A

where and what pathways

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3
Q

where pathway

A

locations and movement of objects; motion/direction, depth sensitive

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4
Q

where pathway location

A

dorsal, parietal, MT/MST

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5
Q

what pathway

A

names and functions of objects; specialized areas that respond best to different types of objects; object recognition

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6
Q

what pathway location

A

ventral, temporal, IT

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7
Q

perception processing is what pathway

A

ventral, what

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8
Q

action processing is what pathway

A

dorsal, where

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9
Q

double dissociation

A

two related mental processes can function independently of each other; damage to one does not affect the other

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10
Q

ventral stream damage

A

no perception, visual form agnosia

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11
Q

dorsal stream damage

A

no action, optic ataxia

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12
Q

what imaging technique can be used to find brain areas that do more of one thing than another

A

fMRI

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13
Q

MT/medial temporal function

A

motion processing (dorsal)

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14
Q

FFA/fusiform face area

A

faces (ventral)

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15
Q

EBA/extrastriate body area

A

responds well to body parts that aren’t the face (ventral)

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16
Q

PPA/parahippocampal place area

A

mix location and functionality, processing scenes and places (houses)

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17
Q

what process helps with rapid object recognition; little feedback from higher brain areas

A

feed-forward process

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18
Q

feed-forward process

A

carries out a computation one neural step after another, without feedback from higher areas to lower ones

19
Q

what imaging technique is used for the feed-forward process

A

EEG, ERP

20
Q

global superiority effect

A

properties of the whole object take precedence over the properties of parts of the object; large scale properties, overall shape

21
Q

lower vision

A

detection of basic features (spots and bars); retinal starting point –> LGN –> V1

22
Q

middle vision

A

loosely defined stage of visual processing that deals with perception of edges and surfaces, determines which regions of an image should be grouped together into objects; V2, V3

23
Q

upper vision

A

perception of objects; IT

24
Q

receptive fields in extrastriate areas are more ___ than the striate cortex

A

sophisticated

25
Q

extrastriate receptive fields respond to

A

visual properties important for perceiving objects; boundary ownership and illusory contours

26
Q

similarity

A

items with similar properties tend to group

27
Q

proximity

A

items that are near each other tend to group

28
Q

texture segmentation

A

carving an image into regions of common texture properties

29
Q

good continuation

A

two elements will tend to group together if they lie on the same contour

30
Q

occlusion

A

visual system blocked, cant see all of the object

31
Q

reliability

A

the degree to which two line segments appear to be part of the same contour

32
Q

T junctions

A

occlusion of one object from another

33
Q

arrow and Y junctions

A

indicate corners within an object

34
Q

generic

A

assumed to be typical or widely representative

35
Q

accidental

A

specific/unusual, doesnt generalize; hiding or losing info about object

36
Q

dealing with occlusion; preference for ___ views

A

generic

37
Q

nonaccidental feature

A

feature of an object that is not dependent on the exact (accidental) viewpoint

38
Q

recognition by components model

A

biederman’s model of object recognition, objects are recognized by the identities and relationships of their component parts

39
Q

geons

A

geometric ions out of which objects are made

40
Q

recognition by components model is viewpoint ___

A

invariant

41
Q

viewpoint invariant

A

recognize object no matter what angle

42
Q

the father an object is rotated from a learned view, the ___ it takes to recognize

A

longer; visual system not necessarily viewpoint invariant

43
Q

prosopagnosia

A

inability to recognize faces; right hemisphere damage (FFA)

Sensations and Perceptions (16 decks)

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