Chapter 5: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Question 0

Obsessions cause?

Answer 0

anxiety

Question 1

symptoms may cause about a diagnosis if they: 4

Answer 1

• excessive or unreasonable
• great distress
• consume considerable time
• interfere with daily functioning

Question 2

compulsions do what?

Answer 2

preventing or reducing anxiety

Question 3

% of pop in NA that has OCD in a given year…
anxiety will rise if ___ and ___ are avoided
gender?

Answer 3

• 2%
• obsessions and compulsions
• 1:1 ratio

Question 4

OCD features ????

Answer 4

obsessions and compulsions

Question 5

Obsessions?

ex:?5

Answer 5

• thoughts that feel intrusive and foreign, attempts to ignore or avoid them triggers anxiety persistent thoughts…invade consciousness …
  -wishes, impulses, images, ideas, doubts
  (all create anxiety )

Question 6

Common themes of Obsessions?5

Answer 6

• dirt/contamination
• violence and aggression
• orderliness
• religion
• sexuality

Question 7

Compulsions??

Answer 7

• voluntary behaviours or mental acts , feel mandatory or unstoppable
• person may recognize that behaviours are irrational..
• catastrophic things will occur if they do not perform them
• performing reduces anxiety…dev into rituals

Question 8

Common forms/themes for Compulsions 5

Answer 8

• cleaning
• checking
• order or balance
• touching, verbal or counting

Question 9

Compulsions often act as a response to?

Answer 9

obsessions

Question 10

Compulsions seem to represent a ___ to obsessions. Compulsions also sometimes serve to help ___ obsessions.

Answer 10

• yielding

- control

Question 11

Many ppl with OCD are afraid that they will?

Answer 11

act on their obsessions

Question 12

Behavioural Perspective OCD
-Exposure and response Prevention (ERP)
4

Answer 12

• repeatedly exposed to anxiety provoking stimuli and prevented from responding with compulsions
• therapists often model the behaviour while the client watches
• homework is an important component
• provides significant long lasting improvements
• group or individual settings

Question 13

Cognitive Perspective : OCD

Neutralizing thoughts/actions (cog look on how ocd works)

Answer 13

• those with ocd blame themselves for normal (repetitive and intrusive) thoughts and expect that terrible things will happen as a result of the thoughts
• seeking reassurance, thinking good thoughts, washing, checking …when the neutralizing action reduces anxiety it is reinforced.

Question 14

Cog continued : OCD

ppl with OCD are: ?5

Answer 14

• more depressed than others
• higher standards of morality and conduct
• believe that thoughts = actions….capable of bringing harm
• believe they can and should have PERFECT CONTROL over their thoughts…
• very perfectionistic in their thoughts and expectations

Question 15

Biological Perspective : OCD
areas where serotonin is
-role of serotonin

Answer 15

• Serotonin (excitatory; NT connected to Depression) frontal lobes, caudate nuclei
• evidence that serotonin-based antidepressants lower OCD.

Question 16

Brain abnormalities?

Answer 16

• orbital region of frontal cortex and caudate nuclei
• brain circuit that converts sensory info into thought and action
• either way may be too active, letting thru troublesome thoughts and actions

Question 17

Low serotonin lvls may interfere with the proper functioning of?

Answer 17

• orbital region and caudate nuclei

Question 18

Bio therapies?
Serotonin based antidepressants 3
relapse?

Answer 18

Serotonin based anti depressants ?
Anafranil, prozac , luvox and zoloft
-if medication is stopped

Question 19

Research suggests that what kind of therapy might be the most effective?

Answer 19

• combination of medication and cognitive behavioural approaches
• OCD can go away on its on but RARE