Chapter 15: Cognitive Disorders

Question 0

Delirium?
descrip
symptoms
onset

Answer 0

• impaired consciousness and cognition during the course of several hours or days
• confused, disorientated, out of touch with surroundings
• normally present in last hours of life
• 65 +

Question 1

what is a cog disorder?

Answer 1

-impairment in memory, attention, perception and thinking

Question 2

Treatment? 2

Answer 2

haloperidol - alcohol withdrawal delirium and acute
and also for unknown caused delirium
-psychosocial reassurance

Question 3

Dementia?

Answer 3

• gradual deterioration of brain functioning affecting, judgement, memory, language, and other cognitive processes.
• via subst abuse and other med issues ..infection, depression etc

Question 4

What can cause dementia? 7

Answer 4

-spyhilis, HIV, head injury, toxic/poisons , Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, Alzheimer’s disease

Question 5

Agnosia ?

Answer 5

-cant rec and name objects

Question 6

Facial Agnosia?

Answer 6

• cant rec familiar faces

Question 7

Types of dementia??6

Answer 7

Alzheimer’s dementia, vascular dementia, general medical condition, substance induced, multiple aetiologies and dementia not otherwise specified..unknown origin

Question 8

Alzheimers dementia?

Answer 8

• gradual and steady
• memory, orientation, judgment, and reasoning, cannot integrate new info
• non routine interests, socially isolated, agitated, confused, depressed, anxious

Question 9

Aphasia?

Answer 9

difficulty with language

Question 10

apraxia?

Answer 10

• impaired motor functioning

Question 11

agnosia?

Answer 11

• failure to rec objects

Question 12

anomia?

Answer 12

• problems with naming objects

Question 13

Mini mental state examination?

Answer 13

assess language and memory problems

Question 14

Clock Drawing subtest of the Clock test?

Answer 14

• given a circle and instructed to turn it into a clock with the hands orientated to 11:10
• scored via error
• Alzheimer’s: more errors of omission and misplacement of numbers

Question 15

Idea density?

Answer 15

• simple writing (low density)- Alzheimer’s

- complex writing (high density)

Question 16

Presenile dementia?

Answer 16

• 40s and 50s

Question 17

Vascular Dementia ?
cause
symptoms

Answer 17

• progressive brain disorder
• blood vessels are blocked or damaged in brain and no longer carry oxygen and nutrients to areas in the brain causing damage.
• abnormalities in walking, weakness in limbs, sudden

Question 18

HIV-1 disease dementia

Answer 18

• subcortical dementia
• cognitive slowness, impaired attention and forgetfulness , clumsy, repetitive movements, no aphasia in SD, more likely to exp severe depression and anxiety, coordination

Question 19

Head trauma dementia

Answer 19

• memory loss, cognitive impairment

Question 20

Parkinson’s Disease dementia ?
sympt
type of dementia?

Answer 20

• degenerative brain disorder
• motor problems, stooped posture, tremors, jerkiness in walking, soft monotone voice, damge in DA pathways
• sub cortical dementia

Question 21

Huntington’s disease and dementia ?

Answer 21

• genetic disorder (50/50 chance)
• affects motor movement, chorea - involuntary limb movement
• can live 20 years after first signs
• subcortical pattern

Question 22

Picks disease?

Answer 22

• rare neurological disorder
• 5 to 10 year course
• 40s and 50s so presenile dementia

Question 23

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease?

Answer 23

-linked to bovine spongiform encephalopathy..mad cow

Question 24

Glial cell derived neurotrophic factor?

Answer 24

-restores neurons

Question 25

Cholinesterase inhibitors?

Answer 25

prevent breakdown of the NT acetylcholine….(low in Alzheimer’s disease)

Question 26

Vitamin E?

Answer 26

• slows down progression of dementia

Question 27

Memory wallet?

Answer 27

-help those living with dementia adapt and cope…

Question 28

Cognitive stimulation?

Answer 28

• practice learning and memory skills

- to maintain cog ability

Question 29

Prevention?

Answer 29

-control bp and live an active life

Question 30

Amnestic disorder?
sympt
cause

Answer 30

• inability to transfer info into long term memory which can cover hours, minutes or years.
• cannot recall old info
• head trauma, or long term drug effects can cause this

Question 31

Werknicke-korsakoff syndrome ?

Answer 31

• damage to thalamus via drinking chronically…

station for info relay…