Chapter 5 lab Flashcards
fundamental cell type of bone connective tissue is
osteoblast/osteocyte
lacunae
small space where osteocytes reside
bone tissue matrix is arranged in two ways
osteons (cylindrical structures) in compact bone, and trabeculae (flat or needle like structure) in spongy bone
what do collagenous fibers do to the matrix
give bone bone tissue it tensile strength
what does the mineral salts give bone tissue
the ability to hold its shape when squeezed
bone marrow is composed of
reticular connective tissue, immature blood cells, and adipocytes
the outter surface of bone is formed by a sheath of what
dense irregular connective tissue called the periosteum
the periosteum is made from
collagenous fibers that go in all directions
what is the fundamental cell type of cartilage connective tissue?
chondrocyte/chondroblast
where are chondrocytes found?
in the lacunae
what forms the outer surface of most cartilaginous structures?
dense irregular connective tissue, the perichondrium (vascular)
hyaline cartilage connective tissue
has collagenous fibers and provides firm support
-found in articular cartilages and in the larynx
fibrocartilage connective tissue
collagenous fibers that are thicker than hyaline cartilage,
-provides strong support that can withstand heavy pressure ex: intervertebral discs and menisci of the knee
elastic cartilage connective tissue
elastic fibers and collagenous fibers,
- gives structure a firm bus elastic support
- ex: ears and epiglottis (part of larynx
ligaments are composed of
dens regular connective tissue
fibroblast are the fundamental cell type in what two tissues
dens regular and dense irregular connective tissue
difference between dense regular and dense irregular collagenous fibers?
dense regular tissue fibers are in parallel bundles
-dense irregular fibers are in all directions
articulation
joint -binds bones together
types of joints
synovial, fibrous, cartilaginous
two main factors used to classify a join by structure are the….
type of connective tissue binding the bones and whether or not there is a joint cavity
fibrous joints
dense connective tissue binds the bones; no joint cavity
cartilaginous joints
cartilage connective tissue bines the bones; no joint cavity
synovial joints
an articular capsule, ligaments, and muscle bind the bones; joint cavity present
fibrous layer of the articular capsule is made of
dense irregular connective tissue
the deep layer of the capsule, the synovial membrane is composed of ______ and produces synovial fluid
loose connective tissue
dense regular or dense irregular connective tissue is best at resisting tension exerted in a single direction
dense regular connective tissue
what type of bone has trabeculae?
spongy
what fiber type forms the network of bone marrow?
reticular
synarthrosis
immovable
arthr
joint
amphiarthrosis
slightly movable
diarthrosis
freely movable
nonaxial
a bone moves in no axis
ex: patellarfemoral joint
uniaxial
a bone moves in one axis
ex: elbow joint
biaxial
a bone moves in two axis
ex: hand and fingers
multiaxial
a bone moves in three axis
ex: shoulder joint
true or false: all synovial joints are diarthroses
true
how is friction reduced In diarthrotic joints?
- articular surfaces are composed of articular cartilage so when cartilage rubs against cartilage friction is reduced because cartilage is smoother than bone
- synovial fluid reduces friction
bursa
flat fluid filled sac composed of dense irrecgular connective tissue that is lined by synovial membrane
a diarthrotic joint is classified into one of four subclasses by determining…
the number around which movement occurs
sarcolemma
plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell
epimysium
outermost sheath forms the external surface of skeletal muscle
fasicle
group or bundle of muscle cells
perimysium
surrounds each fascicle
endomysium
surrounds each individual skeletal muscle cell
tendon
cord like structure that is either round or flat
aponeurosis
sheet like structure
origin
less movable body part
insertion
more movable body part
the perimysium surrounds a ___
fascicle
muscle spindles
located in perimysium composed of skeletal muscle cells enclosed in a connected tissue capsule
-detects muscle stretch, the length of a muscle and the rate at which the length changes
tendon organs
found in a muscles tendon or aponeurosis of insertion, are encapsulated sensory receptors through which collagenous fibers of the tendon pass
- detect the amount of tension in a tendon or aponeurosis
condyl
knob
cruci
cross
fasci
bundle
icul
small
lemma
sheath
medull
marrow
menisc
crescent
myo
muscle
mys
muscle
sarco
flesh
endosteium
line and covers internal bone surfaces
periosteum
composes most, but not entire outer surface of bone
the articular capsule is composed of
dense irregular connective tissue and loose connective tissue
articular cartilage is composed of
hyaline cartilage connective tissue
the periosteum is composed of
dense irregular connective tissue
the epiphyseal plate iis composed of
hyaline cartilage connective tissue
ligament
dense regular connective tissue
