Chapter 22: urinary and reproductive structures Flashcards
kidney
regulating ECF variables
hilum
vessels, nerves, and ureter enter and exit here
renal cortex
location of most parts of nephrons
renal medulla
has nephron loops and collecting ducts
renal pyramid
triangular structure in renal medulla
renal papilla
tip of a renal pyramid
renal column
tissue between renal pyramids
minor calyx
urine passageway
-empties into major calyx
major calyx
- empties into renal pelvis
- urine passageway
renal pelvis
- empties into a ureter
- urine passageway
ureter
- empties into the urinary bladder
- urine passageway
urinary bladder
- muscular sac that empties into the urethra
- urin passageway and a temporary storage site for urine
adrenal glands
secrete hormones
ovaries
secrete estrogens and progesterone
-produce oocyes
uterine tubes (fallopian tubes)
- tubes that extend from uterus to ovaries
- passageway for oocytes and sperm; where fertilization usually occurs
infundibula
oocyte passageways
fimbriae
move oocytes into infundibula
the uterus in adults is usually tilted ____.
anteriorly
uterus
- hollow organ posterior to the urinary bladder
- where a new individual develops; passageway for menstrual fluid, sperm, fetus
uterine cavity
small space within urterus
cervix
inferior, narrow portion of uterus that projects into vagina
cervical canal
narrow tunnel within cervix
vagina
tube that opens into the external environment
-passageway for menstrual fluid and fetus
external genitalia (vulva)
external reproductive structures
mons pubis
fatty rounded area overlying the anterior part of pelvis
labia majora
outer thick hairy folds
- homologous to scrotum
- enclose the labia minora
- protects structures they enclose
labia minora
inner thin hairless folds
-enclose the vestibule
vestibule
a space enclosed by the labia minora
-the vagina and urethra open into it
clitoris
small projection and anterior end of the vestibule
-homologus to penis
vaginal orifice
external opening of the vagina
-passageway for menstrual fluid and fetus
urethra
- tube extends from bladder to extrenal environment
- urine passageway
external urethral orifice
- external opening of urethra
- urine passageway
seminal glands
- posterior to urinary bladder
- secrete a component of semen
prostate gland
- inferior to urinary bladder (encircles the urethra)
- secrete a component of semen
bulbourethral glands
- pea sized glands
- secrete a mucus like substance that provides lubrication during intercourse
scrotum
- sac containing testes
- part of the external genitalia
- regulates temperature of testes
testes
- located within scrotum
- secrete testosterone; produce sperm
epidiymes
- tubes that extend from the testes to the ducti deferentia
- sperm passageway and site of sperm maturation and storage
ducti deferntia
- tube that extends from epididymis; empty into ducts that empty into the urethra
- sperm passageway
spermatic cords
- extend superiorly from testes
- contain ductic deferntia, blood cessels, nerves, lymph vessels, and muscles
urethra
-urine and semen passageway
prostatic urethra
within prostate gland 4 cm
intermediate urethra
shortest part 1 cm
sponge urethra
within the penis 15 cm
external urethral orifice
urine and semen passageway
penis
- erect in anatomical position, and a part of the external genitalia
- male organ of copulation
corpora cavernosa
erectile tissue that is located posteriorly
-forms bulk of penis
corpus spongiosum
erectile tissue that is located anteriorly
-contains the spongy urethra
glans penis
expanded end of corpus spongiosum
-FORMS TIP OF PENIS
prepuce
cuff of skin covering glans penis
-removed during circumcision
what structures go through the hilum of the kidney?
vessels nerves, ureter
does sperm pass through the seminal glands?
no
what is the order urine passes through?
- renal papilla
- minor calyx
- major calyx
- renal pelvis
- ureter
spleen
- organ of the lymphatic system NOT the cardiovascular system
- has immune functions; destroys old and defective RBCS and platelets
- salvages substances released during RBC breakdown, stores platelets and monocytes
aortic hiatus
- openin in the diaphragm
- passageway for aorta
abdominal aorta
- part of the descending aorta in the adominopelivc cavity
- supplies the abdomen and lower limbs
celiac trunk
- has 3 branches
- supplies several abdominal organs
splenic artery
- passes left
- supplies spleen, stomach, and pancreas
common hepatic artery
passes right
-supplies liver, gallbladder, pancreas, stomach, and small intestine
L gastric artery
passes superior and left
-supplies stomach and esophagus
superior mesenteric arterie
supplies small and large intestines
renal arteries
supply the kidneys
testicular or ovarian arteries
supply testes in male and ovaries in females
inferior mesenteric artery
supply large intestine
common iliac arteries
supply abdominal wall, organs in the pelvic cavity and lower limbs
internal iliac arteries
supply the pelvic wall, rectum, urinary bladder, and reproductive structures
external iliac arteries
supply the abdominal wall and lower limbs
internal iliac veins
drain the pelvic wall, rectum, urinary bladder, and reproductive structures
external iliac veins
drain the abdominal wall and lower limbs
common iliac vein
drain the abdominopelvic walls and organs and the lower limbs
inferior vena cava
drains the abdominopelvic walls and organs and the lower limbs
renal vein
drain kidneys
testicular or ovarian veins
drain testes in male and ovaries in females
hepatic vein
drain liver
ligamentum teres
extends from the liver to the umbilicus
-remnant of the umbilical vein
inferior vena cava hiatus
passageway for inferior vena cava
hepatic portal system
the spleen and most parts of the digestive system are drained by vessels of the hepatic portal system
splenic vein
drains spleen, stomach, and pancreas
superior mesenteric vein
drains intestines and stomach
hepatic portal vein
drains spleen, intestines, stomach, and pancreas
true or false: all blood going throught the celiac trunk is drained by the vessels of the hepatic portal system
false
