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Human Body Lab > Chapter 4 Lab > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Lab Flashcards

1
Q

what is an organ?

A

a group of tissues working together to perform functions

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2
Q

what is a tissue?

A

a group of cells working together to perform one or more functions

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3
Q

arrect

A

upright

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4
Q

cide

A

kill

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5
Q

corn

A

horn

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6
Q

ep

A

upon

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7
Q

lunul

A

crescent

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8
Q

melan

A

black

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9
Q

papill

A

a nipple

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10
Q

pil

A

a hair

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11
Q

seb

A

grease

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12
Q

strat

A

layer

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13
Q

tact

A

touch

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14
Q

therm

A

heat

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15
Q

skin

A

epidermis and dermis

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16
Q

epidermis

A

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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17
Q

most epidermal cells are called

A

keratinocytes

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18
Q

you get a totally new epidermis every

A

25 to 45 days

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19
Q

where are melanocytes found?

A

in the deepest epidermal layer

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20
Q

dermal papilla is made of …

A

areolar connective tissue

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21
Q

reticular layer is made of

A

dense irregular connective tissue

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22
Q

hypodermis also called superficial fascia is located deep to the dermis and is mostly made of

A

adipose connective tissue

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23
Q

dermis and hypodermis are avascular or vascular?

A

vascular

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24
Q

sweat glands are made of

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

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25
Q

eccrine sweat gland

A

secrete sweat

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26
Q

only areas of the integumentary system that do not have eccrine sweat glands are the …

A

nipples and external genitalia

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27
Q

apocrine sweat glands

A

larger than eccrine sweat glands, their ducts empty into hair follicles

  • become active in puberty, secrete fatty substances and proteins
  • found mainly in the axillary and anogenital regions
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28
Q

hair is composed of

A

dead keratinized cells

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29
Q

arrector pili muscle

A

band of smooth muscle tissue that extends from a hair follicle to the papillary layer of the dermis
-when contracted makes goose bumps

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30
Q

sebaceous glands are composed of what and are found where

A

epithelium and found near hair follicles

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31
Q

encapsulated sensory receptor

A

the dendritic endings are surrounded by a connective tissue capsule
-ex: lamellar and tactile corpuscle

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32
Q

tactile corpuscle (meissners corpuscle) found where

A

in the dermal papillae of hairless skin

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33
Q

lamellar corpuscles (or pacinian corpuscle) found where

A

deeper in the dermis and in the hypodermis

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34
Q

non-encapsulated sensory receptors

A

do not have connetive tissue capsules

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35
Q

free nerve ending

A

endings found both in epidermis and dermis (a nonencapsulated receptor)

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36
Q

hair follicle receptor

A

wrap around hair follicles

37
Q

give two basic tissue types that compose tactile and lamellar corpuscles

A

nervous and connective

38
Q

what is the function of soft keratin

A

toughens cells

39
Q

true or false: soft keratin is a protein

A

true

40
Q

true or false: when you look at someone the epidermal cells you see are dead

A

true

41
Q

true or false: arrector pili muscles are composed of skeletalk muscle tissue

A

false: arrector pili muscles are composed of smooth muscle tissue

42
Q

arrector pili muscle is composed of what

A

smooth muscle tissue

43
Q

the epidermis and dermis compose the skin which is an eipithelial membrane called the ____

A

cutaneous membrane

44
Q

is skin an organ

A

yes

45
Q

eccrine sweat gland are endocrine or exocrine glands?

A

exocrine

46
Q

which components of the skin are vascular?

A

dermis and hypodermis

47
Q

the papillary layer is the superficial or deep dermal layer?

A

superficial (above the reticular layer)

48
Q

epidermis

A

superficial layer of the skin

49
Q

dermis

A

deep layer of the skin, has two layers

50
Q

papillary layer of dermis

A

superficial layer of dermis

51
Q

dermal papillae

A

nipple-like dermal projections that compose the papillary layer

52
Q

reticular layer of the dermis

A

the deep layer of the dermis

53
Q

hypodermis

A

deep to the dermis

54
Q

hair follicle

A

surrounds the embedded part of a hair

55
Q

hair bulb

A

expanded deep end of a hair follicle

56
Q

hair

A

strand of keratinized cells

57
Q

hair shaft

A

upper part of follicl and part that protrudes the skin

58
Q

hair root

A

lower half of follicle

59
Q

sebaceous gland

A

gound near hair follicles, secreats sebum

60
Q

arrector pili muscle

A

extends from a hair follicle to the papillary layer of the dermis

61
Q

blood vessels

A

found in the dermis and hypodermis

62
Q

tactile corpuscle

A

sensory receptors found in the dermal papillae of hairless skin

63
Q

lamellar corpuscle

A

sensory receptors found in the deeper dermis and the hypodermis

64
Q

hair follicles are made of

A

epithelium

65
Q

reticular layer of dermis is made of

A

dense irregular connective tissue

66
Q

sebaceous gland is made of

A

epithelial tissue

67
Q

eccrine sweat gland is made of

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

68
Q

nail root

A

nonvisible part of the nail, embedded in the skin

69
Q

nail body

A

the visible attached part of the nail

70
Q

lunule

A

the white half moon part of the nail body

71
Q

free edge of nail

A

the unattached part of the nail, it overhangs the tip of a finger or toe

72
Q

hyonychium

A

the thickend epidermis beneath the free edge of the nail; commonly called the quick; dirt accumulates between the free edge of the nail and the hyponychium

73
Q

nail bed

A

epidermis deep to the nail root and body

74
Q

nail matrix

A

thickend proximal portion of the nail bed, nail growth occurs here

75
Q

the fingernail is on the anterior or posterior surface of a finger?

A

posterior (think anatomical positioning)

76
Q

the lunula is deep to, superficial to, or a part of the nail body?

A

a part of the nail body

77
Q

melanin protects cells from what

A

UV radiation

78
Q

the hypodermis protects what

A

underlying structures from physical trauma

79
Q

nails protect what

A

the distal ends of the digits

80
Q

scalp hair protects the head from what

A

physical trauma, heat loss, sunlight

81
Q

what doe sthe thin fil of sebum covering the epidermis do

A

reduces water loss from the body and has a bacterial action

82
Q

if body need to lose heat what does it do to blood vessels

A

dialates them causing more blood flow

83
Q

if the body needs to conserve heat what does it do to the blood vessels?

A

constricts dermal blood vessels causing less blood flow through the dermis

84
Q

tactile corpuscles detect

A

light touches to the skin

85
Q

lamellar corpuscles detect

A

harder touches and pressure

86
Q

free nerve endings respond to …

A

temperature and tissue damage (perceived as pain)

87
Q

what does sebum do?

A

softens skin and hair

88
Q

if the secretion of apocrine seat glands are odorless how does it end up smelling?

A

bacteria quickly metabolizes the secretion

89
Q

four functions performed by the hypodermis

A

insulation, protection, binds skin to deeper structures, energy storage

Human Body Lab (55 decks)

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